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However, a synthesis of studies regarding empathy and its neuronal correlates in perceptual tasks using event-related potentials (ERPs) has yet to occur. The current systematic review aimed to provide that overview. Upon bibliographic research, 30 studies featuring empathy assessments and at least one perceptual task measuring ERP components in healthy participants were included. Four main focus categories were identified, as follows: Affective Pictures, Facial Stimuli, Mental States, and Social Language. The Late Positive Potential was the most analyzed in Affective Pictures and was reported to be positively correlated with cognitive and affective empathy, along with other late components. In contrast, for Facial Stimuli, early components presented significant correlations with empathy scales. Particularly, the N170 presented negative correlations with cognitive and affective empathy. Finally, augmented N400 was suggested to be associated with higher empathy scores in the Mental States and Social Language categories. These findings highlight the relevance of early perceptual stages of empathic processing and how different EEG\/ERP methodologies provide relevant information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14050504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T06:44:31Z","timestamp":1715841871000},"page":"504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neuronal Correlates of Empathy: A Systematic Review of Event-Related Potentials Studies in Perceptual Tasks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rita","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8499-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Prata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mariana R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"GOS Institute of Child Health (UCL, UK), London WC1N 1EH, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3310-5613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2656-5291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Ferreira-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2021.100999","article-title":"The emergence of empathy: A developmental neuroscience perspective","volume":"62","author":"Decety","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev. 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