{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T10:22:55Z","timestamp":1775816575512,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014181","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR24011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR24011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behavioral Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nursing students often face emotional challenges related to death and dying, affecting their psychological well-being, emotional intelligence, and academic success. Cultural and educational factors may influence how they experience and manage these stressors. This study aimed to compare fear of death, emotional intelligence, coping with death, and academic burnout among second-year nursing students in Spain and Portugal to identify cross-cultural differences. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 second-year nursing students from the University of Extremadura (Spain) and the University of \u00c9vora (Portugal) during the 2023\/2024 academic year. The instruments used included the Collett\u2013Lester Brief Fear of Death Scale, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale\u201424 \u00edtems, the Bugen\u2019s Coping with Death Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory\u2014Student Survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and group comparisons were performed using independent samples t-tests and Welch\u2019s t-tests, depending on variance homogeneity. A two-way ANOVA was also conducted to explore interactions between gender and nationality. The Spanish sample comprised 86 women and 21 men, and the Portuguese sample included 58 women and 9 men. The mean age across the sample was 21.5 years (SD = 4.15). No significant differences were observed in fear of death or emotional intelligence between the two groups. However, Portuguese students showed significantly better coping with death, but also higher academic burnout and cynicism. Spanish students reported greater perceived efficacy. Although emotional intelligence and death anxiety were similar, Portuguese students demonstrated stronger coping skills but experienced more burnout. This suggests that coping alone may not buffer academic stress, emphasizing the need for culturally tailored interventions to enhance emotional readiness and reduce burnout.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15070993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T14:55:18Z","timestamp":1753109718000},"page":"993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cross-Cultural Differences in Fear of Death, Emotional Intelligence, Coping with Death, and Burnout Among Nursing Students: A Comparative Study Between Spain and Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7363-0631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Mart\u00edn-Parrilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermer\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1001-7538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noelia","family":"Dur\u00e1n-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermer\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2658-3550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria do C\u00e9u","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Enfermagem S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o de Deus, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7000-869 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6541-8358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casimiro Ferm\u00edn","family":"L\u00f3pez-Jurado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermer\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6017-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Goes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Enfermagem S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o de Deus, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7000-869 Evora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0942-6345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Macarena C.","family":"C\u00e1ceres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermer\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2020.10.008","article-title":"Resilience and burnout in healthcare students and inpatient psychiatric nurses: A between-groups study of two populations","volume":"35","author":"Abram","year":"2020","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatric Nursing"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmmh.2024.100325","article-title":"Culturally sensitive grief treatment and support: A scoping review","volume":"5","author":"Aeschlimann","year":"2024","journal-title":"SSM Mental Health"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aljarboa, B. 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