{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T20:18:53Z","timestamp":1760473133539,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As many European countries, the Portuguese territory is a region of moderate seismicity, and a large part of its building stock includes reinforced concrete (RC) buildings built before the introduction of modern seismic codes (&lt;1983s). Currently, the Lisbon building stock is composed of 45% of RC buildings, of which 71% were built in such a construction period. Being designed to only sustain gravitational loads and without adequate lateral load resistance, these buildings are likely to be severely damaged during an earthquake. This highlights the need to propose reliable seismic risk assessment and earthquake loss models for such structures. In this context, the development of an exposure model which quantifies the building stock susceptible to be seismically damaged, in terms of structural characteristics, spatial location, and occupancy, is of major importance. The main purpose of this paper is to contribute the definition of a building exposure model for the city of Lisbon, focusing on a detailed structural characterization of these typologies. It starts with an extensive collection and analysis of design blueprints of existing buildings in two Lisbon\u2019s neighborhoods: Alvalade and Benfica, which were found to be representative of the RC building stock in the city. Then, the information collected is scrutinized and statistically post-processed through probability distributions that provide a clear insight on the RC typologies and their structural characteristics. These results can be used in the future for the development of a numerical models and to derive fragility and vulnerability models, fundamental to conducting seismic risk analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings12050642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T10:19:46Z","timestamp":1652264386000},"page":"642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Detailed Structural Characterization of Existing RC Buildings for Seismic Exposure Modelling of the Lisbon Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"V\u00e1lter","family":"Xavier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5530-6950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2505-2996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9732-9969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6503-0644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Bento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(00)00291-2","article-title":"Seismotectonics of Portugal and its adjacent Atlantic area","volume":"331","author":"Borges","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tectonophysics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-016-0072-8","article-title":"Seismic vulnerability and risk analysis of the old building stock at urban scale: Application to a neighbourhood in Lisbon","volume":"15","author":"Lamego","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bull. 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