{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:58:19Z","timestamp":1762077499564,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032031","UI\/BD\/153681\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032031","UI\/BD\/153681\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>CLT panels have been investigated for reinforcement of existing masonry-infilled RC framed buildings through the increase of the overall lateral stiffness of the structure, thus reducing the story drift demand. The contribution of CLT panels depends on the connection to the RC frame elements. This paper evaluates the role of connectors by which CLT is attached to RC frames for capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation of the structure and its elements separately using different kinds of RC-CLT connections, and ultimately finds and compares the optimum number and arrangement of connectors. The results show that the geometry of connections plays a greater seismic role in RC frames than their mechanical properties. Regarding masonry infills, they allow a higher strength capacity but reduce the efficacy of CLT strengthening. However, strong connectors decrease the ability of infills in dissipation. Finally, in the optimum arrangement of connectors, they are distributed equally along the upper and lower beams at equal spacing, where CLT is added, starting in the middle of the beams and moving to the frame corners.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings12112009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T03:35:23Z","timestamp":1668742523000},"page":"2009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Numerical Analysis of Masonry-Infilled RC-CLT Panel Connections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zabih","family":"Mehdipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, ISISE, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Poletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, ISISE, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3976-0360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge M.","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, ISISE, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8459-0199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo B.","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, ISISE, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soildyn.2014.06.016","article-title":"Cyclic response of masonry infilled RC frames: Experimental results and simplified modeling","volume":"65","author":"Cavaleri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng."},{"unstructured":"Paulo, M.F., Neto, M.F., Dias, J.E., and Louren\u00e7o, P.B. (2011, January 13\u201315). Behavior of masonry infill panels in RC frames subjected to in plane and out of plane loads. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference AMCM 2011: Analytical and New Concepts in Concrete and Masonry Structures, Krak\u00f3w, Poland.","key":"ref_2"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00107-015-0999-5","article-title":"Cross laminated timber (CLT): Overview and development","volume":"74","author":"Brandner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1177\/1369433217749766","article-title":"Comparative dynamic investigation of cross-laminated wooden panel systems: Shaking-table tests and analysis","volume":"21","author":"Hristovski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Struct. Eng."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.11.1.281-295","article-title":"Cross-Laminated Timber: Status and Research Needs in Europe","volume":"11","author":"Espinoza","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"unstructured":"Muszynski, L., Larasatie, P., Guerrero, J.E., and Albee, R. (2020, January 12\u201315). Global CLT industry in 2020: Growth beyond the Alpine Region. Proceedings of the 63rd International Convention of Society of Wood Science and Technology, Portoro\u017e, Slovenia.","key":"ref_6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sustersic, I., and Dujic, B. (2014). Seismic Strengthening of Existing Concrete and Masonry Buildings with Crosslam Timber Panels. 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