{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T10:09:39Z","timestamp":1776938979046,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Base Funding","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["2020.00828.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.00828.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["2020.00828.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.00828.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2014Instituto de I&amp;D em Estruturas e Constru\u00e7\u00f5es","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2014Instituto de I&amp;D em Estruturas e Constru\u00e7\u00f5es","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2014Instituto de I&amp;D em Estruturas e Constru\u00e7\u00f5es","award":["2020.00828.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.00828.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["2020.00828.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.00828.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia through the individual Scientific Employment Stimulus","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia through the individual Scientific Employment Stimulus","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia through the individual Scientific Employment Stimulus","award":["2020.00828.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.00828.CEECIND"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The environmental problems caused by sewage sludge generated by the growth of the global population and urbanization are drawing the attention of the scientific community worldwide to the need of developing sustainable solutions to use that material. This work investigated the possibilities of using sewage sludge, generated in wastewater treatment plants, as a strategy to improve and stabilize collapsible soils. Different soil\u2013sludge mixtures, with 5%, 10%, and 15% of sludge, were analyzed. For the characterization and analysis of the soil\u2013sludge interaction, physical, chemical, and edometric experiments were performed. The results showed that the addition of sludge to the soil causes a void index reduction, improves particle packaging, and reduces soil collapsibility to the same specific dry apparent weights, i.e., showed to be a promising method for the improvement of collapsible soils.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings13020338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T03:53:18Z","timestamp":1674618798000},"page":"338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Sewage Sludge Valorization for Collapsible Soil Improvement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Maria C. A.","family":"Feitosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAP, Rua do Pr\u00edncipe, 526. Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvio R. M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAP, Rua do Pr\u00edncipe, 526. Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil"},{"name":"UFPE, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Av. Acad\u00eamico H\u00e9lio Ramos, s\/n. Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-530, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1026-4523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o M. P. Q.","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT-LFC, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4471-4294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando A. N.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAP, Rua do Pr\u00edncipe, 526. Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Joaquim T. R.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAP, Rua do Pr\u00edncipe, 526. Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Pedro E. S.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNICAP, Rua do Pr\u00edncipe, 526. Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil"},{"name":"UFPE, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Av. Acad\u00eamico H\u00e9lio Ramos, s\/n. Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-530, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4530-9880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio C.","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT-LFC, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Federal de Ci\u00eancias de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Tecnologia de Pernambuco (IFPE), Recife 50670-430, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.118684","article-title":"Sewage sludge ash as resource for phosphorous and material for clay brick manufacturing","volume":"249","author":"Ottosen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Shih, K., and Chuang, K. (2016). 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