{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:54:43Z","timestamp":1760147683495,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NATO Counter Improvised Explosive Device Centre of Excellence","award":["PTDC\/ECI-EST\/31046\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/ECI-EST\/31046\/2017"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"the Portuguese funding institution FCT - Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/ECI-EST\/31046\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/ECI-EST\/31046\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The paper presents a full-scale blast testing experimental campaign conducted on an energyabsorbing connector comprising thin-walled inversion tubes as kernel elements mounted in a fa\u00e7ade protective panel. LS-DYNA finite element predictions of the global and local deformation\/inversion of the panel\/connectors compared reasonably well with the experimental observations. After validation, the numerical model was used to analyze the response of a simple idealized reinforced concrete structure under three blast-loading scenarios: the first two scenarios produce, approximately, the same impulse but are significantly different in terms of load duration and overpressures, and represent a far-field and a near-field scenario (1600 kg TNT at 20 m (i) and 150 kg TNT at 5 m (ii), respectively); the third scenario is more demanding, and consists in a half standoff distance of the second (150 kg TNT at 2.5 m (iii)). These numerical simulations allow to assess the effect of standoff distance and blast loading on the effectiveness of the protective system. One may conclude that the introduction of EACs strongly limits the forces imparted to the protected structure, reducing significantly the corresponding energy absorption demand. Comparing the energy absorbed by the structure in different scenarios, with and without the protective system (8 \u00d7 \u03d564 \u00d7 2 mm), one can see that these reductions can reach, respectively 67%, 72% and 68% in the far-field, near-field and very near-field explosions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings13030601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T04:05:40Z","timestamp":1677470740000},"page":"601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Experimental Validation and Numerical Analysis of a High-Performance Blast Energy-Absorbing System for Building Structures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9619-8394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel de Jesus","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CINAMIL and Military Academy, 1169-203 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5864-551X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valter Jos\u00e9 da Guia","family":"L\u00facio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS NOVA and Department of Civil Engineering of NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Corneliu","family":"Cisma\u015fiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS NOVA and Department of Civil Engineering of NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Mingote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NATO Counter Improvised Explosive Devices Centre of Excellence, 28240 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Explosion and Impact Resistance of Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete","volume":"2","author":"Barnett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Concrete"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2016.03.048","article-title":"Behaviour of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete columns subjected to blast loading","volume":"118","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eng. 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[1st ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420065572"}],"container-title":["Buildings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-5309\/13\/3\/601\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:41:35Z","timestamp":1760121695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-5309\/13\/3\/601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["buildings13030601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/buildings13030601","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-5309"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-5309"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]}}}