{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:12:51Z","timestamp":1772205171531,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)","award":["414265976-TRR 277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["414265976-TRR 277"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced construction techniques, such as additive manufacturing (AM) and modular construction, offer promising solutions to address labor shortages, reduce CO2 emissions, and enhance material efficiency. Despite their potential, the adoption of these innovative methods is hindered by the construction industry\u2019s fragmented expertise. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is frequently suggested to integrate this diverse knowledge, but existing BIM-based approaches lack a robust framework for systematically documenting and retrieving the cross-domain knowledge essential for construction projects. To bridge this gap, this paper presents an ontology-driven methodology for documenting and utilizing expert knowledge, with a focus on AM in construction. Based on a well-founded ontological framework, a set of modular ontologies is formalized for individual domains. Additionally, a prototypical documentation tool is developed to elevate recorded information and BIM models as a knowledge graph. This knowledge graph will interface with advanced large language models (LLMs), enabling effective question answering and knowledge retrieval.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings15010133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T04:37:10Z","timestamp":1736138230000},"page":"133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ontology-Driven Mixture-of-Domain Documentation: A Backbone Approach Enabling Question Answering for Additive Construction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1385-071X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Architectural Informatics, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8974-0926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Petzold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Architectural Informatics, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Munich Data Science Institute, 85748 Garching bei M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023). 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