{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T23:26:56Z","timestamp":1777332416854,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"key projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province","award":["No.25B560011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.25B560011"]}]},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Grain and oil storage facility &amp; safety research project","award":["No.2023KF09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2023KF09"]}]},{"name":"Cultivation Project of Tuoxin Team in Henan University of Technology","award":["No. 2024TXTD15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2024TXTD15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Buildings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the feasibility of using scrap aerogel (SAG) generated during silica aerogel production as a partial substitute for sand in 3D concrete printing. Through comprehensive experiments and finite element analysis, the printability, thermal insulation properties, and mechanical characteristics (compressive strength and flexural strength) of 3D-printed scrap-aerogel-incorporated concrete (3DP-SAIC) were evaluated at different SAG replacement ratios. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of the concrete decreases with increasing SAG content. When 30% of the sand is replaced by aerogel, the thermal conductivity perpendicular to the printed layer direction is reduced by 40.90%. The thermal properties of SAIC closely resemble those of aerogel concrete (AIC) while significantly reducing manufacturing costs. Compared to existing 3D-printed aerogel concrete, this study achieves a 73.1% cost reduction. Compared to standard cast specimens (SC-SAIC), 3DP-SAIC exhibits pronounced anisotropic thermal behavior. The study also evaluated the reinforcement effects of four basalt fibers (BF) with different aspect ratios on the mechanical properties of 3DP-SAIC. Although BF provides limited enhancement to compressive strength, it significantly boosts flexural strength. Specifically, BF with a length of 12 mm and a diameter of 17 \u03bcm increases flexural strength by 26.97%. These findings highlight the application potential of recycled aerogel in 3D-printed concrete, offering a sustainable thermal insulation solution with suitable mechanical properties for green building technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings15224031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T11:47:27Z","timestamp":1762775247000},"page":"4031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Study on Anisotropic Thermal and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Scrap-Aerogel-Incorporated Concrete (SAIC)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"},{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Jicheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gongyi Van-Research Innovation Composite Material Co., Ltd., Gongyi 451261, China"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Company of China Construction Sixth Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Xi\u2019an 710075, China"}]},{"given":"Shuofan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gongyi Van-Research Innovation Composite Material Co., Ltd., Gongyi 451261, China"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinomach Zhongxing Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450007, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2021.106599","article-title":"Energy-Related Carbon Emissions Mitigation Potential for the Construction Sector in China","volume":"89","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. 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