{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:44:43Z","timestamp":1760237083087,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/EQU-EPQ\/31926\/2017, UID\/QUI\/50006\/2019, UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/EQU-EPQ\/31926\/2017, UID\/QUI\/50006\/2019, UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["C"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Selective water (by-product) separation from reaction mixtures stands as an important process intensification strategy for equilibrium-limited reactions. In this work, the possibility of using a high-pressure biphasic reaction media composed of a hydrophobic ionic liquid, 1-hexy-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate, and carbon dioxide was explored for levulinic acid production from 1,4-butanediol. Vapour-liquid equilibrium measurements were performed for the binary (diol+CO2), ternary (diol+CO2+IL), and quaternary systems (diol+CO2+IL+water), at 313.2 K and pressures up to 18 MPa. The static analytical method was used in a high-pressure phase equilibrium apparatus equipped with a visual sapphire cell. The capability of the quaternary system to perform physical water separation is discussed in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/c6010009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T04:21:26Z","timestamp":1582604486000},"page":"9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High-Pressure Phase Equilibrium Studies of Multicomponent (Alcohol-Water-Ionic Liquid-CO2) Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8346-5932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata E.","family":"Zakrzewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5782-9854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana B.","family":"Paninho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4836-2409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. F\u00e1tima C.","family":"Guedes da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana V. M.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019, October 17). Novamont Press Release. Available online: https:\/\/www.novamont.com\/eng\/read-press-release\/mater-biotech\/."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.580","article-title":"Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for direct production of 1,4-butanediol","volume":"7","author":"Yim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. 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