{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T07:47:16Z","timestamp":1777967236458,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanistic involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) reaches beyond cardiovascular physiopathology. Recent knowledge pinpoints a pleiotropic role for this system, particularly in the lung, and mainly through locally regulated alternative molecules and secondary pathways. Angiotensin peptides play a role in cell proliferation, immunoinflammatory response, hypoxia and angiogenesis, which are critical biological processes in lung cancer. This manuscript reviews the literature supporting a role for the renin-angiotensin system in the lung tumor microenvironment and discusses whether blockade of this pathway in clinical settings may serve as an adjuvant therapy in lung cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12061457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T04:36:09Z","timestamp":1591245369000},"page":"1457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Renin-Angiotensin System in Lung Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-6979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Joana","family":"Catarata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, I3S-Institute for Health Research &amp; Innovation, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Biomedical Engineering Institute, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Centre, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-857X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, I3S-Institute for Health Research &amp; Innovation, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Biomedical Engineering Institute, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0724-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, I3S-Institute for Health Research &amp; Innovation, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Tumour &amp; Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Biomedical Engineering Institute, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Robalo Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3010-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group-Research Centre, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"E359","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012","volume":"136","author":"Ferlay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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