{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:00:02Z","timestamp":1773392402424,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>More than a physical structure providing support to tissues, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic network of macromolecules that modulates the behavior of both cancer cells and associated stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Over the last few years, several efforts have been made to develop new models that accurately mimic the interconnections within the TME and specifically the biomechanical and biomolecular complexity of the tumor ECM. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the ECM is highly remodeled and disorganized and constitutes a key component that affects cancer hallmarks, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Therefore, several scaffolds produced from natural and\/or synthetic polymers and ceramics have been used in 3D biomimetic strategies for colorectal cancer research. Nevertheless, decellularized ECM from colorectal tumors is a unique model that offers the maintenance of native ECM architecture and molecular composition. This review will focus on innovative and advanced 3D-based models of decellularized ECM as high-throughput strategies in colorectal cancer research that potentially fill some of the gaps between in vitro 2D and in vivo models. Our aim is to highlight the need for strategies that accurately mimic the TME for precision medicine and for studying the pathophysiology of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14020359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T09:10:36Z","timestamp":1641978636000},"page":"359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Decellularized Colorectal Cancer Matrices as Bioactive Scaffolds for Studying Tumor-Stroma Interactions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8961-5324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c2ngela","family":"Marques-Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela Margarida","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6457-2356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Est\u00eav\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisabete","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"IPATIMUP-Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro Amoroso","family":"Can\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgia","family":"Velho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"IPATIMUP-Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1964-1006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"IPATIMUP-Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0724-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1987-0316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Patr\u00edcia","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, 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