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(NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000054)","SFRH\/BD\/135871\/2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiologic agent of several types of cancer. Mast cells\u2019 role as either a driving or opposing force for cancer progression remains controversial. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in several HPV-induced cancers, and can influence mast cell biology. The aim of this study was to evaluate mast cell infiltration and to identify microRNAs potentially regulating this process. Transgenic male mice (K14-HPV16; HPV+) and matched wild-type mice (HPV\u2212) received 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) (or vehicle) over 17 weeks. Following euthanasia, chest skin and ear tissue samples were collected. Mast cell infiltration was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MicroRNAs associated with mast cell infiltration were identified using bioinformatic tools. MicroRNA and mRNA relative expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Immunohistochemistry showed increased mast cell infiltration in HPV+ mice (p &lt; 0.001). DMBA did not have any statistically significant influence on this distribution. Ear tissue of HPV+ mice showed increased mast cell infiltration (p &lt; 0.01) when compared with chest skin samples. Additionally, reduced relative expression of miR-125b-5p (p = 0.008, 2\u2212\u0394\u0394Ct = 2.09) and miR-223-3p (p = 0.013, 2\u2212\u0394\u0394Ct = 4.42) seems to be associated with mast cell infiltration and increased expression of target gene Cxcl10. These results indicate that HPV16 may increase mast cell infiltration by down-regulating miR-223-3p and miR-125b-5p.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14092216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T22:20:06Z","timestamp":1651184406000},"page":"2216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterizing the Inflammatory Microenvironment in K14-HPV16 Transgenic Mice: Mast Cell Infiltration and MicroRNA Expression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alexandra C.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer\u2014Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro\u2014N\u00facleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6268-524X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana M. O.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Medeiros-Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9519-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula A.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8605-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida M. S. M.","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Haissa O.","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), and UFMA University Hospital (HUUFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2151-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui M.","family":"Gil da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o (UFMA), and UFMA University Hospital (HUUFMA), S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3010-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer\u2014Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro\u2014N\u00facleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of the Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552028","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.552028","article-title":"Epidemiology and Burden of Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Vaccine Evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Kombe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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