{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T21:25:31Z","timestamp":1773264331631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04295\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04295\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04295\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This systematic review aims to explore the diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiology, and prognosis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in lung cancer. This PRISMA-guided review searched the PubMed\u00ae and EmbaseTM databases for \u201clung cancer AND HPV\u201d on 10 June 2023, filtering human subject papers. A total of 97 studies encompassing 9098 patients worldwide, revealing varied HPV infection rates in lung cancer, ranging from 0% to 69%, were analyzed. While HPV16\/18 was predominant in some regions, its association with lung cancer remained inconclusive due to conflicting findings. Studies from Asia reported lower HPV infection rates compared to Western populations. Some studies suggested a limited role of HPV in lung carcinogenesis, particularly in non-smokers. However, intriguing associations were noted, including HPV\u2019s potential role in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Discrepancies in HPV detection methods and sample sources highlight the need for further research with standardized methodologies to elucidate HPV\u2019s role in lung carcinogenesis and its clinical implications. Overall, this systematic review offers insights into HPV\u2019s role in lung cancer epidemiology and clinical characteristics. Despite inconclusive evidence, intriguing associations between HPV and lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma have emerged. Further research with standardized methodologies and larger cohorts is needed for clarity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16193325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T05:45:27Z","timestamp":1727675127000},"page":"3325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["HPV and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8031-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Telma","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pneumologia, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia (IPO), Rua Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado TERRA, Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1667-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joaquim Chaves Sa\u00fade, Rua An\u00edbal Bettencourt, n\u00b0 3, Edif\u00edcio CORE, 2790-225 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0121-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joaquim Chaves Sa\u00fade, Rua An\u00edbal Bettencourt, n\u00b0 3, Edif\u00edcio CORE, 2790-225 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pneumologia, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia (IPO), Rua Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Arag\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pneumologia, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia (IPO), Rua Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Almodovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Pneumologia, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia (IPO), Rua Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5773-5687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Bicho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Cal\u00e7ada Bento da Rocha Cabral 14, 1250-012 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara","family":"Bicho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado TERRA, Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"B\u00e1rbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado TERRA, Instituto de Sa\u00fade Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santa Maria, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Epidemiology of lung cancer","volume":"25","author":"Thandra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Contemp. 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