{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:06:14Z","timestamp":1789391174825,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOR2674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOR2674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["FOR2674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOR2674"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/018mejw64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101002453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101002453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["101002453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101002453"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0472cxd90","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University","award":["RYC2018-025979-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC2018-025979-I"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University","award":["PGC2018-102049-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-102049-B-I00"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University","award":["PRE2019-088413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2019-088413"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University","award":["PID2021-123922NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-123922NB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University","award":["PRE2022-102553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2022-102553"]}]},{"award":["RYC2018-025979-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC2018-025979-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PGC2018-102049-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-102049-B-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PRE2019-088413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2019-088413"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PID2021-123922NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-123922NB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PRE2022-102553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2022-102553"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004240","name":"The International mobility of IMG researchers II","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZ.02.2.69\/0.0\/0.0\/18_053\/0016981"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.2.69\/0.0\/0.0\/18_053\/0016981"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Czech Academy of Sciences","award":["L200522151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L200522151"]}]},{"award":["L200522151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L200522151"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/053avzc18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Genetic and epigenetic alterations accumulate throughout life in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), leading to an increased risk of age-related hematological malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While a few epigenetic drugs have entered clinical practice, studies focusing on histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) altered in AML remain limited. Methods: Here, we used murine HSPCs, murine AML mouse models, human leukemic cell lines, and leukemic patient samples to investigate whether targeting the methylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9 methylation) affects HSPCs upon aging and leukemogenesis and might represent a possible target. Results: Our data show that H3K9 methylation changes upon aging in HSPCs and is linked to a pre-malignant phenotype. Low levels of H3K9 methylation in leukemic cells are required to maintain proliferative capacities in vitro. Increasing H3K9 methylation reduces the leukemogenesis of both young and aged murine and patient-derived leukemic cells. Conclusions: Thus, H3K9 methylation might be a potential and selective therapeutic target in AML patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers18182969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:09:51Z","timestamp":1789387791000},"page":"2969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Increasing H3K9 Methylation Level Reduces the Proliferation of Leukemic Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0844-5958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Walter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Aging Group, Program of Regenerative Medicine, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Program for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Polina","family":"Zjablovskaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8516-7077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Montserrat-Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Aging Group, Program of Regenerative Medicine, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Program for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of 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