{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T19:06:49Z","timestamp":1777316809628,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the last decades, photocatalysis has arisen as a solution to degrade emerging pollutants such as antibiotics. However, the reduced photoactivation of TiO2 under visible radiation constitutes a major drawback because 95% of sunlight radiation is not being used in this process. Thus, it is critical to modify TiO2 nanoparticles to improve the ability to absorb visible radiation from sunlight. This work reports on the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles decorated with gold (Au) nanoparticles by deposition-precipitation method for enhanced photocatalytic activity. The produced nanocomposites absorb 40% to 55% more radiation in the visible range than pristine TiO2, the best results being obtained for the synthesis performed at 25 \u00b0C and with Au loading of 0.05 to 0.1 wt. %. Experimental tests yielded a higher photocatalytic degradation of 91% and 49% of ciprofloxacin (5 mg\/L) under UV and visible radiation, correspondingly. Computational modeling supports the experimental results, showing the ability of Au to bind TiO2 anatase surfaces, the relevant role of Au transferring electrons, and the high affinity of ciprofloxacin to both Au and TiO2 surfaces. Hence, the present work represents a reliable approach to produce efficient photocatalytic materials and an overall contribution in the development of high-performance Au\/TiO2 photocatalytic nanostructures through the optimization of the synthesis parameters, photocatalytic conditions, and computational modeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal10020234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T10:10:25Z","timestamp":1582020625000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Au\/TiO2 Nanoparticles against Ciprofloxacin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8179-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics\/Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"IB-S\u2014Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Kappert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}]},{"given":"Hoai","family":"Nga Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6873-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus R\u00edo Ebro-Edificio I+D, C\/Poeta Mariano Esquillor S\/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Centro de Investigacion Biom\u00e9dica en Red\u2014Bioengenhar\u00eda, Biomateriales e Nanomedicina, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"K\u00fchn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}]},{"given":"Madalena","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics\/Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1396-9078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics\/Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6574-7848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianaurelio","family":"Cuniberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1929-0477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Melle-Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Materiais Cer\u00e2micos e Comp\u00f3sitos, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6791-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senentxu","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics\/Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Basco\u2014Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1021\/jp911349y","article-title":"Mechanistic considerations for the advanced oxidation treatment of fluoroquinolone pharmaceutical compounds using TiO2 heterogeneous catalysis","volume":"114","author":"An","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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