{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T04:47:09Z","timestamp":1766551629416,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00100\/2020","UID\/QUI\/00100\/2019-BL\/CQE-2017-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00100\/2020","UID\/QUI\/00100\/2019-BL\/CQE-2017-022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the catalytic activity of hybrid materials of iron supported on hierarchical zeolites in the oxidation reaction of 1-phenylethanol to acetophenone. A greener approach was considered for the preparation of the catalyst and performance of the oxidation reaction. Hierarchical BEA zeolite samples were obtained from an alkaline and a subsequent acid treatment. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption at \u2212196 \u00b0C. An iron salt was incorporated onto the hierarchical zeolites by mechanochemical grinding and the catalytic performance of the prepared materials was evaluated towards the microwave assisted oxidation reaction of 1-phenylethanol. The catalyst obtained by Fe immobilization on sample modified by 0.2 M NaOH followed by acid treatment (Fe@BEA0.2AT) is the most promising material with 35% yield and 56% selectivity to acetophenone, allowing five reuse cycles without significant loss of activity and selectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal10091029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:11:51Z","timestamp":1599523911000},"page":"1029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Fe@Hierarchical BEA Zeolite Catalyst for MW-Assisted Alcohol Oxidation Reaction: A Greener Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7603-5192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"\u00c1rea Departamental de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, IPL, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8323-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"Pombeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea Departamental de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, IPL, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5403-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Paterson, S. (2018). Alcohol Oxidation: Reaction. Effects and Applications, Nova Science Publishers Inc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2013.09.040","article-title":"Green oxidation of fatty alcohols: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"474","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adomc.2015.02.004","article-title":"Catalytic Oxidation of Alcohols","volume":"Volume 63","author":"Kopylovich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advances in Organometallic Chemistry"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Sheldon, R.A., and van Bekkum, H. (2008). Fine Chemicals Trough Heterogeneous Catalysis, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.KGaA."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2010.01.013","article-title":"Modification of MOR by desilication treatments: Structural, textural and acidic characterization","volume":"131","author":"Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2007.12.025","article-title":"Mesoporous beta zeolite obtained by desilication","volume":"114","author":"Groen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14193","DOI":"10.1021\/jp201671s","article-title":"Full Compositional Flexibility in the Preparation of Mesoporous MFI Zeolites by Desilication","volume":"115","author":"Verboekend","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2013.05.022","article-title":"Efficient cyclohexane oxidation with hydrogen peroxide catalysed by a C-scorpionate iron (II) complex immobilized on desilicated MOR zeolite","volume":"464","author":"Martins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201402555","article-title":"Insights into the Active Species of Nanoparticle-Functionalized Hierarchical Zeolites in Alkylation Reactions","volume":"6","author":"Campos","year":"2014","journal-title":"ChemCatChem"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201500124","article-title":"Hierarchical Zeolites and their Catalytic Performance in Selective Oxidative Processes","volume":"8","author":"Ojeda","year":"2015","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Mahmudov, K.T., Kopylovich, M.N., Guedes da Silva, M.F.C., and Pombeiro, A.J.L. (2019). Mechanochemical Activation and Catalysis. Catalysis Series, RCS Publishing. Chapter 25."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"837","article-title":"Microwave-Assisted Chemistry","volume":"3","author":"Kappe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Compr. Med. Chem. I"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2015.01.011","article-title":"Microwave-assisted synthesis\u2014Catalytic applications in aqueous media","volume":"291","author":"Rathi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.6b00620","article-title":"Tuning Cyclohexane Oxidation: Combination of Microwave Irradiation and Ionic Liquid with the C-Scorpionate [FeCl2(Tpm)] Catalyst","volume":"36","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6816","DOI":"10.1039\/C6DT00514D","article-title":"Highly efficient and reusable CNT supported iron (ii) catalyst for microwave assisted alcohol oxidation","volume":"45","author":"Martins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Treacy, M., and Higgins, J. (2001). Collection of Simulated XRD Powder Patterns for Zeolites, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2014.04.006","article-title":"Rediscovering zeolite mechanochemistry\u2014A pathway beyond current synthesis and modification boundaries","volume":"194","author":"Majano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6713","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.201901457","article-title":"Ball Milling Modified SAPO-11 Based Catalysts for n-Decane Hydroisomerization","volume":"4","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2014-1117","article-title":"Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution (IUPAC Technical Report)","volume":"87","author":"Thommes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Gregg, S.J., and Sing, K.S.W. (1982). Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity, Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1007\/s10562-015-1616-2","article-title":"Solvent-Free Microwave-Assisted Peroxidative Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by Iron (III)-TEMPO Catalytic Systems","volume":"145","author":"Karmakar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catal. Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201702031","article-title":"Heterogenized C-Scorpionate Iron (II) Complex on Nanostructured Carbon Materials as Recyclable Catalysts for Microwave-Assisted Oxidation Reactions","volume":"10","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemCatChem"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201701886","article-title":"Commercial Gold (I) and Gold (III) Compounds Supported on Carbon Materials as Greener Catalysts for the Oxidation of Alkanes and Alcohols","volume":"10","author":"Carabineiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemCatChem"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4746","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.7b00133","article-title":"Supported Gold Nanoparticles for Alcohols Oxidation in Continuous-Flow Heterogeneous Systems","volume":"5","author":"Ballarina","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2019.10.020","article-title":"The catalytic oxidation of 1-phenylethanol over SiO2 supported manganese oxide nanocluster prepared by PVP stabilized colloidal Mn as precursor","volume":"352","author":"Nakamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6224","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200903426","article-title":"Hierarchical ZSM-5 Zeolites in Shape-Selective Xylene Isomerization: Role of Mesoporosity and Acid Site Speciation","volume":"16","author":"Fernandez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. A Eur. J."}],"container-title":["Catalysts"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4344\/10\/9\/1029\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:07:46Z","timestamp":1760177266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4344\/10\/9\/1029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["catal10091029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/catal10091029","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4344"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4344"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]}}}