{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:23:42Z","timestamp":1776270222969,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo (FAPESP)","award":["Project number 2017\/24050-8 and 2018\/03714-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project number 2017\/24050-8 and 2018\/03714-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to select the best reaction conditions to produce 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from cellulose using heterogeneous catalyst based on a heteropolyacid (H3PW12O40\u2014HPW) and Nb2O5. Initially, the influence of the temperature (160 or 200 \u00b0C), acetone:water ratio (50:50 or 75:25 v\/v), cellulose load (5% or 10% w\/v) and catalyst concentration (1% or 5% w\/v) on HMF production from cellulose was evaluated through a Taguchi\u2019s L16 screening experimental design. Afterwards, the main variables affecting this process, namely the temperature (160\u2013240 \u00b0C) and acetone:water ratio (60:40\u201390:10 v\/v), were optimized using a central composite rotatable design. Next, a kinetic study on HMF production from cellulose was carried out. Finally, HMF production from cellulose obtained from different biomass sources was evaluated. It was found that the reaction conditions able to result in maximum HMF yield, i.e., around 20%, were 200 \u00b0C, acetone:water ratio of 75:25 (v\/v), 10% w\/v of cellulose, and 5% w\/v of catalyst concentration. The kinetic study revealed that the Langmuir\u2013Hinshelwood\u2013Hougen\u2013Watson approach fit to the experimental data. Under the optimized conditions, the catalyst HPW\/Nb2O5 was also effective in converting different sources of cellulose into HMF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal10121417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T11:59:00Z","timestamp":1607083140000},"page":"1417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Direct Conversion of Cellulose Using Heteropolyacid\/Nb2O5 as Catalyst"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Siqueira Mancilha","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Vin\u00edcius Tomaz","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Paulo Vitor","family":"Henrique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2055-9317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro Gon\u00e7alves de","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1153-1654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo Alves","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7182-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solange I.","family":"Mussatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9345-6079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia Melo","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Lorena 12602-810, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201500395","article-title":"Direct production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural via catalytic conversion of simple and complex sugars over phosphated TiO2","volume":"8","author":"Atanda","year":"2015","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.01.120","article-title":"Ruthenium trichloride catalyzed conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in biphasic system","volume":"279","author":"Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. 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