{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T21:13:57Z","timestamp":1768079637855,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)","award":["MAT2016-76739-R (AEI\/FEDER, EU)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAT2016-76739-R (AEI\/FEDER, EU)"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)","award":["MAT2016-76039-C4-3-R (AEI\/FEDER, UE)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAT2016-76039-C4-3-R (AEI\/FEDER, UE)"]}]},{"name":"Basque Government Industry and Education Departments","award":["ELKARTEK (LION, ACTIMAT)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELKARTEK (LION, ACTIMAT)"]}]},{"name":"Basque Government Industry and Education Departments","award":["HAZITEK (SIMAN)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HAZITEK (SIMAN)"]}]},{"name":"Basque Government Industry and Education Departments","award":["PIBA (PIBA-2018-06)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIBA (PIBA-2018-06)"]}]},{"name":"European Commission Research &amp; Innovation","award":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017 (Ref.: 778412) INDESMOF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017 (Ref.: 778412) INDESMOF"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The presence of hexavalent chromium water pollution is a growing global concern. Among the currently applied technologies to remove CrVI, its adsorption and photocatalytic reduction to CrIII less mobile and toxic forms are the most appealing because of their simplicity, reusability, and low energy consumption. However, little attention has been paid to bifunctional catalysts, that is, materials that can reduce CrVI to CrIII and retain both hexavalent and trivalent chromium species at the same time. In this work, the dual CrVI adsorption\u2013reduction capacity of two iconic photoactive water-stable zirconium and titanium-based metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) has been investigated: UiO-66-NH2 and MIL-125. The bifunctionality of photoactive MOFs depends on different parameters, such as the particle size in MIL-125 or organic linker functionalization\/defective positions in UiO-66 type sorbents. For instance, the presence of organic linker defects in UiO-66 has shown to be detrimental for the chromium photoreduction but beneficial for the retention of the CrIII phototransformed species. Both compounds are able to retain from 90 to 98% of the initial chromium present at acidic solutions as well as immobilize the reduced CrIII species, demonstrating the suitability of the materials for CrVI environmental remediation. In addition, it has been demonstrated that adsorption can be carried out also in a continuous flux mode through a diluted photoactive MOF\/sand chromatographic column. The obtained results open the perspective to assess the bifunctional sorption and photoreduction ability of a plethora of MOF materials that have been applied for chromium capture and photoreduction purposes. In parallel, this work opens the perspective to develop specific chemical encoding strategies within MOFs to transfer this bifunctionality to other related water remediation applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal11010051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T22:35:48Z","timestamp":1609540548000},"page":"51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Modulation of the Bifunctional CrVI to CrIII Photoreduction and Adsorption Capacity in ZrIV and TiIV Benchmark Metal-Organic Frameworks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1775-8486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"G. Saiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Geology, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, Leioa, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2219-7516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ainara","family":"Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LABQUIMAC), Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara","family":"Gonzalez-Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007 (AMTC Building), 8370451 Santiago, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1972-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maibelin","family":"Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007 (AMTC Building), 8370451 Santiago, Chile"}]},{"given":"Yurieth Marcela","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007 (AMTC Building), 8370451 Santiago, Chile"}]},{"given":"Arkaitz","family":"Fidalgo-Marijuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Geology, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, Leioa, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Joseba","family":"Orive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Facultad de Ciencias F\u00edsicas y Matem\u00e1ticas, Universidad de Chile, Av. Beauchef 851, 8370451 Santiago, Chile"}]},{"given":"Ander","family":"Reizabal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LABQUIMAC), Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5027-3603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edurne S.","family":"Larrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Studium Research Fellow, Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, 1 Rue Dupanloup, 45000 Orl\u00e9ans, France"},{"name":"CEMHTI\u2014UPR3079 CNRS, 1 avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45100 Orl\u00e9ans, France"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Isabel","family":"Arriortua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Geology, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s\/n, Leioa, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6791-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senentxu","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1607-8913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreina","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007 (AMTC Building), 8370451 Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Mining Engineering Department, University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2069, 8370451 Santiago, Chile"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez de Luis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dimitrova, D.G. (2015). Iron Based Metal Organic Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Chromium (VI) Degradation. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, University College Utrecht]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bedia, J., Muelas-ramos, V., Pe\u00f1as-garz\u00f3n, M., G\u00f3mez-avil\u00e9s, A., Rodr\u00edguez, J.J., and Belver, C. (2019). A review of photocatalytic water purification with metal organic frameworks. 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