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broadband absorption, low toxicity, water solubility and (photo)chemical stability. As a result, they have been applied in several fields, such as sensing, bioimaging, artificial lighting and catalysis. In particular, CDs may act as sole photocatalysts or as part of photocatalytic nanocomposites. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review on the use of CDs as sole photocatalysts in the areas of hydrogen production via water splitting, photodegradation of organic pollutants and photoreduction and metal removal from wastewaters. Furthermore, key limitations preventing a wider use of CDs as photocatalysts are pointed out. It is our hope that this review will serve as a basis on which researchers may find useful information to develop sustainable methodologies for the synthesis and use of photocatalytic CDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal13010179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T05:03:03Z","timestamp":1673499783000},"page":"179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Applications of Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Photocatalysts: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2957-2008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo M. S.","family":"Send\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8478-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim C. G.","family":"Esteves da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5647-8455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Pinto da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1021\/cr970102g","article-title":"Nanotubes from Carbon","volume":"99","author":"Ajayan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chem. 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