{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T19:50:31Z","timestamp":1768593031043,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Sciences","award":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Sciences","award":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Sciences","award":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Sciences","award":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT","award":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/QUI-QOR\/1079\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hantzsch esters (1,4-dihydropyridine dicarboxylates) have become, in this century, very versatile reagents for enantioselective organic transformations. They can act as hydride transfer agents to reduce, regioselectively, a variety of multiple bonds, e.g., C=C and C=N, under mild reaction conditions. They are excellent reagents for the dearomatization of heteroaromatic substances, and participate readily in cascade processes. In the last few years, they have also become useful reagents for photoredox reactions. They can participate as sacrificial electron and hydrogen donors and when 4-alkyl or 4-acyl-substituted, they can act as alkyl or acyl radical transfer agents. These last reactions may take place in the presence or absence of a photocatalyst. This review surveys the literature published in this area in the last five years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal13020419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T02:28:27Z","timestamp":1676514507000},"page":"419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Applications of Hantzsch Esters in Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3101-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Faisca Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8323-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando J. L.","family":"Pombeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Institute of Chemistry, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021). Arthur Rudolph Hantzsch (1857\u20131935) and the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles. Synform, 12, A201\u2013A210."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1039\/C7OB00113D","article-title":"Recent advances in organocatalytic enantioselective transfer hydrogenation","volume":"15","author":"Pombeiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. 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