{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:51:55Z","timestamp":1771300315028,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"national funds through FCT\/MCTES, under project CATALYSE-CO2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023.13478.PEX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.13478.PEX"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"national funds through FCT\/MCTES, under project CATALYSE-CO2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UID\/50020 of LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Processes\u2014Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials","award":["2023.13478.PEX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.13478.PEX"]}]},{"name":"UID\/50020 of LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Processes\u2014Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.\/MCTES through national funds","award":["2023.13478.PEX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.13478.PEX"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.\/MCTES through national funds","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"ALiCE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023.13478.PEX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.13478.PEX"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"ALiCE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sustainability of the chemical industry requires replacing oil and natural gas with alternative raw materials and reducing CO2 emissions from processes and utilities. In the particular case of petrochemicals, decarbonization is not easy, since carbon is an integral part of the products. Fossil carbon can be replaced with recycled carbon and renewable carbon, but it is the use of CO2 as a raw material that will finally make it possible to close the carbon cycle in the chemical industry. The options available are discussed herein, highlighting recent breakthroughs in catalysis and identifying areas where further research is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal15070614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T09:08:44Z","timestamp":1750669724000},"page":"614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Catalysis: Key Technology for the Conversion of CO2 into Fuels and Chemicals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3161-9642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Pinto","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0395-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Wolfgang Eberhardt (2021). 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