{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:18:24Z","timestamp":1777573104784,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANID","award":["1220355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1220355"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["1201936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201936"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["21211283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21211283"]}]},{"name":"ANID PhD scholarship","award":["1220355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1220355"]}]},{"name":"ANID PhD scholarship","award":["1201936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201936"]}]},{"name":"ANID PhD scholarship","award":["21211283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21211283"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Catalysts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Reductive amination of cyclohexanone with NH3 and H2 over Rh and Rh-Ni catalysts on SiO2 has been studied. Research has focused on the catalytic efficiency of monometallic and bimetallic catalysts in the production of cyclohexylamine, a key intermediate in the synthesis of numerous fine chemicals. Through the wet impregnation method, Rh and Rh-Ni catalysts with varying nickel loadings (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt.%) were synthesized and characterized using techniques such as N2 physisorption, TEM, HAADF-STEM, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, and NH3-TPD. The catalytic reactions were conducted under controlled conditions using a glass-coated reactor, using ammonia as nitrogen source. Rh-Ni bimetallic catalysts exhibited the highest conversion rates on reductive amination, attributed to enhanced dispersion and advantageous surface properties. High metal dispersion and small particle sizes were confirmed by TEM, HAADF-STEM, and XRD. XPS analysis confirmed the reduced state of Rh and mainly oxidized state of Ni, while H2-TPR and NH3-TPD results indicated improved reducibility and acidity, respectively, which are critical for catalytic activity. Monometallic Rh\/SiO2 catalyst showed 83.4% of conversion after 300 min and selectivity of 99.1% toward the desired product cyclohexylamine. The addition of nickel, a cheap and easily available metal, increases the activity without compromising selectivity. At 300 min of the reaction, the 2 wt.% NiRh\/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest conversion, yield, and selectivity for the desired product cyclohexylamine, 99.8%, 96.4%, and 96.6% respectively. Additionally, this catalyst is recyclable after the fourth cycle, showing 99.5% selectivity and 74.0% yield for cyclohexylamine at 75.7% conversion. Recycling tests confirmed the stability of bimetallic catalysts, maintaining performance over multiple cycles without significant deactivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/catal15090803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:10:36Z","timestamp":1756080636000},"page":"803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reductive Amination of Cyclohexanone via Bimetallic Rh-Ni Catalysts: A Pathway to Improved Catalytic Efficiency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5182-4962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Heterogeneous Catalysis for Valorization and Selective Processes (CATSVAL), Departamento de Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Casilla 160-C, Concepci\u00f3n 4070371, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9583-8166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila","family":"Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Heterogeneous Catalysis for Valorization and Selective Processes (CATSVAL), Departamento de Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Casilla 160-C, Concepci\u00f3n 4070371, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-9064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Chiment\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n de Procesos Catal\u00edticos y Adsorci\u00f3n (LIPROCAD), Departamento de Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Casilla 160-C, Concepci\u00f3n 4070409, Chile"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7447-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Llorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Energy Technologies and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1389-8927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doris","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Heterogeneous Catalysis for Valorization and Selective Processes (CATSVAL), Departamento de Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n, Casilla 160-C, Concepci\u00f3n 4070371, Chile"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konofal, E. 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