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Clinically, PD is characterized as a movement disorder, exhibiting an incidence and mortality rate that is increasing faster than any other neurological condition. In recent years, there has been a growing interest concerning the role of the gut microbiota in the etiology and pathophysiology of PD. The establishment of a brain\u2013gut microbiota axis is now real, with evidence denoting a bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut microbiota through metabolic, immune, neuronal, and endocrine mechanisms and pathways. Among these, the vagus nerve represents the most direct form of communication between the brain and the gut. Given the potential interactions between bacteria and drugs, it has been observed that the therapies for PD can have an impact on the composition of the microbiota. Therefore, in the scope of the present review, we will discuss the current understanding of gut microbiota on PD and whether this may be a new paradigm for treating this devastating disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13090770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T08:42:57Z","timestamp":1714639377000},"page":"770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["From the Gut to the Brain: Is Microbiota a New Paradigm in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Treatment?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3973-4768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiana","family":"Vilela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)\/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057\/4805-017 Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Soares-Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)\/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4819-6359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Caridade-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0442-927X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Martins-Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057\/4805-017 Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6934-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, R. 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