{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T14:45:36Z","timestamp":1768401936562,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Healthy Aging 2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Healthy Aging 2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe project PAS GRAS","award":["GA No 101080329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GA No 101080329"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020"]}]},{"name":"PhD fellowship","award":["SFRH\/BD\/144199\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/144199\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Fund Denmark, the Eu-CardioRNA Short\u2014Term Scientific Mission"},{"name":"European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD) Albert Renold Travel Fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) function may influence the heart, given its metabolic actions and proximity to the heart. We hypothesized that diabetes mellitus (DM) alters miRNA expression across adipose tissue types, and that modifications in EAT may have critical implications for cardiac physiology. To test this, we compared EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) miRNA profiles between patients with and without DM and across tissues within each disease group. Paired biopsies from patients with (n = 18) and without DM (n = 46) undergoing cardiac surgery were analyzed using miRNA profiling and bioinformatics. Among 680 miRNAs screened, 34 were uniquely expressed in EAT, confirming a distinct molecular signature in this fat depot. Notably, miR-155-5p was significantly elevated in EAT from patients with DM, indicating a localized metabolic effect. In SAT, miR-93-3p and miR-223-3p were upregulated in patients with DM and consistently higher than in EAT, regardless of DM status, indicating tissue-specific regulation. miR-324-5p was more expressed in SAT of patients in the NDM group, reflecting combined effects of tissue type and DM. These patterns remained consistent across cardiac disease stratifications. Pathway analysis revealed that miRNAs enriched in EAT target genes involved in cardiomyocyte growth and differentiation. Overall, the findings highlight the unique miRNA profile of epicardial fat and its altered response to DM, supporting its relevance in cardiac physiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15020122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:15:50Z","timestamp":1767968150000},"page":"122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diabetes Alters microRNA Expression in Epicardial and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9292-5961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Coimbra, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), 3030-7893 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC-UC\u2014Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CiBB\u2014Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-7893 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Canotilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7808-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelino F. Leite","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1937-3782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Falc\u00e3o-Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6264-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC-UC\u2014Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CiBB\u2014Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-7893 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3598-2775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise Torp","family":"Dalgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK 4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.06.027","article-title":"Body fat distribution, incident cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality","volume":"62","author":"Britton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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