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Due to its capacity to convert chemical energy into force, NM2A powers the contraction of the actomyosin cytoskeleton, required for proper cell division, adhesion and migration, among other cellular functions. Although NM2A has been extensively studied, new findings revealed that a lot remains to be discovered concerning its spatiotemporal regulation in the intracellular environment. In recent years, new functions were attributed to NM2A and its activity was associated to a plethora of illnesses, including neurological disorders and infectious diseases. Here, we provide a concise overview on the current knowledge regarding the structure, the function and the regulation of NM2A. In addition, we recapitulate NM2A-associated diseases and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T05:00:08Z","timestamp":1593666008000},"page":"1590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Non-Muscle Myosin 2A (NM2A): Structure, Regulation and Function"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2320-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Brito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Cell Biology of Bacterial Infections, i3S-Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Programa Doutoral em Biologia Molecular e Celular (MCBiology), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8578-0461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Cell Biology of Bacterial Infections, i3S-Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08908","article-title":"Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton","volume":"463","author":"Fletcher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Fry, R.C. 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