{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T17:34:49Z","timestamp":1769880889501,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"HERCULES Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04449\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04449\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"HERCULES Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04449\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04449\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ceramics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study an archaeometry programme has been developed on a limited number of coarse wares, monochrome, and bichrome glazed ceramics retrieved in the cities of \u00c9vora, M\u00e9rtola, and Silves, located in Western Iberia, Portugal (Gharb al-Andalus during the Islamic period). The goals were to shed light on glazed ceramics provenance, technology, trading, and on the glaze technology applied. For this purpose, a multi-analytical approach was employed to characterize ceramic pastes and glazes using optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and a Scanning Electron Microscope coupled to an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Results evidenced that over the Islamic rule, coarse wares were locally produced at \u00c9vora. On the contrary, monochrome and bichrome glazed ceramics were imported from the city of Silves, M\u00e9rtola, and from unidentified workshops, probably located in southern Iberia. The analysis of decorations evidenced that despite the provenance of the samples, the glaze technology applied was rather uniform over time, depicting a widespread technological transfer in the al-Andalus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ceramics6040135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T00:47:48Z","timestamp":1700009268000},"page":"2213-2242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High-Lead Glazed Ceramic Production in Western Iberia (Gharb al-Andalus) between the 10th and Mid-13th Centuries: An Approach from the City of \u00c9vora (Portugal)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2548-4020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Andr\u00e9s","family":"Camara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva n.\u00ba 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Munic\u00edpio de Silves, Museu Municipal de Arqueologia, Pra\u00e7a do Munic\u00edpio, 8300-117 Silves, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0103-3448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio Paulo","family":"Mir\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva n.\u00ba 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory IN2PAST, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva n.\u00ba 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Geosciences Department, School of Sciences and Technology, \u00c9vora University, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho n.\u00ba 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair on Sustainable Heritage, \u00c9vora University, Cordovil Palace, Rua Dom Augusto Eduardo Nunes 7, 7000-784 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6032-1904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana G\u00f3mez","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"History Department, School of Social Sciences, \u00c9vora University, Col\u00e9gio do Esp\u00edrito Santo\u2014Largo dos Colegiais n.\u00ba 2, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Campo Arqueol\u00f3gico de M\u00e9rtola, R. Ant\u00f3nio Jos\u00e9 de Almeida n.\u00ba 1-3, 7750-353 M\u00e9rtola, Portugal"},{"name":"CEAACP, Centro de Estudos em Arqueologia, Artes e Ci\u00eancias do Patrimonio, Coimbra University, Largo da Porta F\u00e9rrea, 3000-395 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2718-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Beltrame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio HERCULES, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva n.\u00ba 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory IN2PAST, \u00c9vora University, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva n.\u00ba 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"City University of Macau Chair on Sustainable Heritage, \u00c9vora University, Cordovil Palace, Rua Dom Augusto Eduardo Nunes 7, 7000-784 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1007\/s12520-018-0666-y","article-title":"Glaze production at early Islamic workshop in al-Andalus","volume":"11","author":"Salinas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Archaeol. 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