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Recent developments in proton-conducting ceramics present considerable promise for obtaining economic and sustainable energy conversion and storage devices, electrolysis cells, gas purification, and sensing applications. So, proton-conducting ceramics that combine sensitivity, stability, and the ability to operate at low temperatures are particularly attractive. In this article, the authors start by presenting a brief historical resume of proton conductors and by exploring their properties, such as structure and microstructure, and their correlation with conductivity. A perspective regarding applications of these materials on low-temperature energy-related devices, electrochemical and moisture sensors, is presented. Finally, the authors\u2019 efforts on the usage of a proton-conducting ceramic, polyantimonic acid (PAA), to develop humidity sensors, are looked into.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors12060096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T12:29:47Z","timestamp":1717417787000},"page":"96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Review on Low-Temperature Protonic Conductors: Principles and Chemical Sensing Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6402-5130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia R.","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE\u2014Electrical and Computers Engineering Department, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Polo 2, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Georgenes M. G.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Sert\u00e3o Pernambucano, Petrolina 56314-520, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6302-2368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evando S.","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Electrospinning and Nanotechnology Applications, Department of Materials Science, Federal University of S\u00e3o Francisco Valley, Juazeiro 48902-300, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5539-9766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M.","family":"Faia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMMPRE\u2014Electrical and Computers Engineering Department, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Polo 2, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4355","DOI":"10.1039\/b902343g","article-title":"Materials Challenges toward Proton-Conducting Oxide Fuel Cells: A Critical Review","volume":"39","author":"Fabbri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. 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