{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:26:34Z","timestamp":1760059594121,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312595\/2021-2","310446\/2020-1","INCT-FNA 464898\/2014-5","UIDB\/00690\/2020","UIDP\/00690\/2020","LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312595\/2021-2","310446\/2020-1","INCT-FNA 464898\/2014-5","UIDB\/00690\/2020","UIDP\/00690\/2020","LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312595\/2021-2","310446\/2020-1","INCT-FNA 464898\/2014-5","UIDB\/00690\/2020","UIDP\/00690\/2020","LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312595\/2021-2","310446\/2020-1","INCT-FNA 464898\/2014-5","UIDB\/00690\/2020","UIDP\/00690\/2020","LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemosensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mineral composition of table salt can be indicative of its origin. This work evaluated the possibility of identifying the origin of salt from four countries: Brazil, Spain, France, and Portugal. Eight metals were quantified through flame atomic absorption\/emission spectroscopy (FAAS). The possibility of using portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) as a faster and lower-cost alternative for identifying salt provenance was also evaluated. The content of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Cu was identified as possible markers to differentiate the salt origin. One-class classifiers using FAAS data and DD-SIMCA could discriminate the salt origin with few misclassifications. For NIR spectroscopy, it was possible to highlight the importance of controlling the humidity and granulometry before the spectra acquisition. After drying and milling the samples, it was possible to discriminate between samples based on the interaction between the water of hydration and the presence of the cations in the sample. The Mg, Mn, and Cu are important in identifying the origin of salt using NIR spectra. The DD-SIMCA model using NIR spectra could classify the origin with the same performance as observed in FAAS. However, it is important to emphasize that NIR spectroscopy requires less sample preparation, is faster, and has low-cost instrumentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors13070231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T04:37:21Z","timestamp":1750739841000},"page":"231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Origin Identification of Table Salt Using Flame Atomic Absorption and Portable Near-Infrared Spectrometries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Larissa Rodrigues","family":"Zanela Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Campo Mour\u00e3o 87301-899, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Luana Dalagrana dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Campo Mour\u00e3o 87301-899, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6000-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Taglieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture Food Environment, Interdepartmental Research Center, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia","family":"Estevinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1154-0339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Luiz","family":"Melquiades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Nuclear Physics Laboratory, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1210-4259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8557-7527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evandro","family":"Bona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Campo Mour\u00e3o 87301-899, Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Post-Graduation Program of Chemistry (PPGQ), Federal University of Technology Paran\u00e1 (UTFPR), Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nimb.2019.07.008","article-title":"Signature of the Himalayan Salt","volume":"477","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucl. 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