{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:32:38Z","timestamp":1776472358146,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]],"date-time":"2024-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/PSI\/04345\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/PSI\/04345\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parental involvement (PI) has particular relevance on children\u2019s academic adjustment and on children\u2019s general quality of life (QoL). QoL can be influenced by parental stress, specifically the stress suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the differences during the pandemic period (before, after and with no lockdown), comparing these constructs with parental educational level to provide predictors of their children\u2019s quality of life. Data collection was performed with a non-probability convenience sampling procedure. It was composed of 129 parents, mainly women (71.8%), with children aged between 6 and 12 years. The family\u2019s sociodemographic characteristics were assessed, as well as the PI, parental stress, and children\u2019s QoL. The comparison between the three times revealed an increase in the children\u2019s QoL, but no differences were found in PI. Based on the parental educational level, as defined by academic qualifications and split into superior and non-superior levels, it is possible conclude that engagement in school activities and parents\u2019 meetings increased in the parents with superior education levels and decreased in the parents with lower education levels. This study concluded that despite this difficult and uncertain pandemic period, these parents were able to maintain important aspects of their children\u2019s lives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children11040440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,8]],"date-time":"2024-04-08T10:11:55Z","timestamp":1712571115000},"page":"440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Parental Involvement and Stress in Children\u2019s Quality of Life: A Longitudinal Study with Portuguese Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Helena","family":"Mocho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Centre (CIP), University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1819-8516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Centre (CIP), University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3278-8424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Centre (CIP), University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1009-0519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Research Centre (CIP), University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2015.01.002","article-title":"Parental involvement on student academic achievement: A meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Castro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Educ. 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