{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T22:51:33Z","timestamp":1775170293752,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology grants: Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology grants: Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology grants: Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure","award":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese foundation for Science and Technology grants: Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure","award":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Laboratory or Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Laboratory or Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Laboratory or Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health","award":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Laboratory or Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health","award":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Rute Santos","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Rute Santos","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Rute Santos","award":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Rute Santos","award":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Luis Lopes","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Luis Lopes","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Luis Lopes","award":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01069\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Luis Lopes","award":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01089\/2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Recently, the leptin\/adiponectin (L\/A) ratio has been suggested as a novel predictor of cardio-metabolic and other chronic diseases. Aim: To evaluate the ability of leptin (L), adiponectin (A), and the L\/A ratio in identifying high risk of insulin resistance IR in adolescents, adjusted by cardiorespiratory fitness, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and body fat percentage. Subjects and methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis with 529 adolescents aged 12\u201318 years-old. Blood samples were taken to analyze glucose, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels. IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was estimated from fasting serum insulin and glucose). Results: Adiponectin, leptin, and L\/A ratio were accurate to predict IR among adolescents. The optimal L\/A cut-off value to indicate risk of IR development was &gt;0.35 in boys and &gt;0.97 in girls. Logistic analyses showed that the suggested cut-off points for adiponectin (girls: OR: 2.87 (1.26\u20136.53); p = 0.012); leptin (boys: OR: 5.23 (1.16\u20137.14) p = 0.006; girls: OR: 2.99 (1.10\u20138.09) p = 0.031), and the L\/A ratio (boys: OR: 8.38 (2.6\u201326.8) p &lt; 0.001; girls: OR: 6.1 (2.1\u201317.0) p &lt; 0.001), were significant predictors of IR, after adjustments for age, pubertal stage, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body fat percentage. Conclusion: Leptin and L\/A ratio were associated with IR risk, after adjustments for confounders in both sexes and adiponectin in girls. The L\/A ratio seems to have a higher diagnostic accuracy to identify IR risk than adiponectin or leptin, in both sexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children9081193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T02:42:53Z","timestamp":1660099373000},"page":"1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Is the Leptin\/Adiponectin Ratio a Better Diagnostic Biomarker for Insulin Resistance than Leptin or Adiponectin Alone in Adolescents?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9104-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Agostinis-Sobrinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Sigute","family":"Norkiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Alona","family":"Rauckien\u0117-Michaelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-9910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justina","family":"Kievisien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Viney","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-5354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturas","family":"Razbadauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Sciences, Klaipeda University, 92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6680-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7604-5753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rute","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease: Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease","volume":"352","author":"Hansson","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. 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