{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:36:21Z","timestamp":1775579781393,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]],"date-time":"2020-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/iFILM\/BM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/iFILM\/BM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Coatings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aqueous extracts of commercially available red macroalgae Porphyra dioica were integrated as inner coatings of food-grade polypropylene (PP) films through use of electrospinning and electrospraying technologies. Two coating formulations (A = 5 wt% P. dioica extract and 7.5 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); B = 1 wt% P. dioica extract, 1 wt% PVA, and 17% gelatine) were evaluated as to their capacity to delay spoilage of minced chicken breasts, through monitoring of microbial growth (total mesophile aerobic colony counts), colour stability, lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), and sensory analysis over a 4-day refrigerated storage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging revealed an increased nanofiber and nanoparticle density on extract-enriched fibers, without compromise to their morphology or the homogeneity of the coatings. Total microbial counts on coating B samples was significantly (p &lt; 0.001) reduced compared to uncoated plastic wraps. The coated samples also exhibited fewer colour degradation, though the coatings did not differ substantially from uncoated plastic wrap. Sensory analysis test subjects successfully distinguished the raw samples based on their treatment and gave a positive approval rating (66.7%) to the extract-enriched coatings when asked about edibility post storage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings10040315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T09:04:38Z","timestamp":1585299878000},"page":"315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Poultry Shelf-Life Enhancing Potential of Nanofibers and Nanoparticles Containing Porphyra dioica Extracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3261-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Reboleira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE \u2013 Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ESTM, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Ad\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE \u2013 Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ESTM, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6652-2376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara F. C.","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Zona Industrial, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7079-1069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana R.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Zona Industrial, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4814-3177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Ganh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE \u2013 Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ESTM, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE \u2013 Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ESTM, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4297-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9061-7730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda","family":"Vilarinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0226-921X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Sanches-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, 4051-401 Oporto, Portugal"},{"name":"National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), 4485-655 Vair\u00e3o, Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Zona Industrial, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5016-0868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Zona Industrial, Rua de Portugal, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE \u2013 Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ESTM, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2004.01546.x","article-title":"Rapid and quantitative detection of the microbial spoilage in chicken meat by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (600\u20131100 nm)","volume":"39","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.05.082","article-title":"Antioxidant active packaging for chicken meat processed by high pressure treatment","volume":"129","author":"Bolumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1997.00276.x","article-title":"Spoilage microflora in fresh chicken breast stored at 4 \u00b0C: Influence of packaging methods","volume":"83","author":"Salsi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1081\/FRI-120016206","article-title":"Modified atmosphere and vacuum packaging of meat and poultry products","volume":"18","author":"Sachindra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2018.02.005","article-title":"Packaging concepts for fresh and processed meat \u2013 Recent progresses","volume":"47","author":"Schumann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2010.04.028","article-title":"New EU regulation aspects and global market of active and intelligent packaging for food industry applications","volume":"21","author":"Restuccia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1080\/19440049.2013.879215","article-title":"Trends in the use of natural antioxidants in active food packaging: A review","volume":"31","author":"Costa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk Assess."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.05.011","article-title":"Development and characterization of carrageenan\/grapefruit seed extract composite films for active packaging","volume":"68","author":"Kanmani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2019.100357","article-title":"Preparation, characterization and antimicrobial properties of electrospun polylactide films containing Allium ursinum L. extract","volume":"21","author":"Radusin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Packag. Shelf Life"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.07.032","article-title":"Antimicrobial efficiency of edible coatings on the preservation of chicken breast fillets","volume":"36","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.06.092","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of PEO nanofibers incorporating polysaccharide from dandelion and its derivative","volume":"198","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fpsl.2019.100346","article-title":"Encapsulation of Phlorotannin in Alginate\/PEO blended nanofibers to preserve chicken meat from Salmonella contaminations","volume":"21","author":"Surendhiran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Packag. Shelf Life"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10205","DOI":"10.1021\/jf062127z","article-title":"Physicochemical properties of alginate\/polycaprolactone-based films containing essential oils","volume":"54","author":"Salmieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2007.01.017","article-title":"Apple puree-alginate edible coating as carrier of antimicrobial agents to prolong shelf-life of fresh-cut apples","volume":"45","author":"McHugh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Postharvest Biol. Technol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.04.025","article-title":"Seaweed based sustainable films and composites for food and pharmaceutical applications: A review","volume":"77","author":"Saurabh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.006","article-title":"Plant extracts for the control of bacterial growth: Efficacy, stability and safety issues for food application","volume":"156","author":"Negi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens4010137","article-title":"Phytogenic Compounds as Alternatives to In-Feed Antibiotics: Potentials and Challenges in Application","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.2216\/i0031-8884-43-6-756.1","article-title":"Field and culture studies of the life history of Porphyra dioica (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Portugal","volume":"43","author":"Pereira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phycologia"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, N.S., and Rees, D.A. (1965). 1104. Porphyran: A polysaccharide with a masked repeating structure. J. Chem. Soc., 5880\u20135887.","DOI":"10.1039\/jr9650005880"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2010.07.060","article-title":"Structural analysis of the degradation products of porphyran digested by Zobellia galactanivorans \u03b2-porphyranase A","volume":"83","author":"Correc","year":"2011","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2005.08.009","article-title":"Chemical characteristics of a polysaccharide from Porphyra capensis (Rhodophyta)","volume":"340","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.043","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of porphyran isolated from discolored nori (Porphyra yezoensis)","volume":"74","author":"Isaka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-6618(03)00103-8","article-title":"In vivo antioxidant activity of polysaccharide fraction from Porphyra haitanesis (Rhodephyta) in aging mice","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcdf.2015.03.005","article-title":"Investigation of the factors influencing the molecular weight of porphyran and its associated antifungal activity","volume":"5","author":"Bhatia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioact. Carbohydr. Diet. Fibre"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.044","article-title":"Extraction, characterization and antimicrobial activity of sulfated polysaccharides from fish skins","volume":"75","author":"Krichen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.170","article-title":"Characterization and assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from cuttlefish skin and muscle","volume":"123","author":"Jridi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5670","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200604646","article-title":"Electrospinning: A Fascinating Method for the Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers","volume":"46","author":"Greiner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2014.03.004","article-title":"Electrospinning and electrospraying techniques: Potential food based applications","volume":"38","author":"Anandharamakrishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42778","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA06854E","article-title":"Photoactivity of hierarchically nanostructured ZnO-PES fibre mats for water treatments","volume":"6","author":"Ognibene","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200400719","article-title":"Electrospinning of nanofibers: Reinventing the wheel?","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2016.09.025","article-title":"Comparison between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber\/hydroxyapatite (HA) for removal of Zn2+ ions from wastewater","volume":"10","author":"Taha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeum, J.H., Yang, S.B., and Sabina, Y. (2016). Fabrication of Highly Aligned Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers and its Yarn by Electrospinning. Electrospinning\u2014Material, Techniques, and Biomedical Applications, InTech.","DOI":"10.5772\/65940"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31701","article-title":"Fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol\/gelatin nanofiber composites and evaluation of their material properties","volume":"95","author":"Linh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.11.019","article-title":"The antibacterial activity of clove oil\/chitosan nanoparticles embedded gelatin nanofibers against Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilms on cucumber","volume":"266","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2018.04.006","article-title":"Electrospray application to powder production and surface coating","volume":"125","author":"Jaworek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2019.00258","article-title":"Electrospraying: Possibilities and challenges of engineering carriers for biomedical applications\u2014A mini review","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2019.108280","article-title":"Stabilization of a saffron extract through its encapsulation within electrospun\/electrosprayed zein structures","volume":"113","author":"Alehosseini","year":"2019","journal-title":"LWT"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.040","article-title":"Effect of shear viscosity on the preparation of sphere-like silk fibroin microparticles by electrospraying","volume":"79","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6722","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.9954","article-title":"Antitumor bioactivity of porphyran extracted from Pyropia yezoensis Chonsoo2 on human cancer cell lines","volume":"99","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0144-8617(99)00176-9","article-title":"Alkali modification of carrageenans. Part IV. Porphyrans as model compounds","volume":"42","author":"Noseda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02182421","article-title":"Second-derivative Fourier transform infrared spectra of seaweed galactans","volume":"5","author":"Matsuhiro","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2012.04.034","article-title":"Structural and compositional characteristics of hybrid carrageenans from red algae Chondracanthus chamissoi","volume":"89","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Civille, G.V., Carr, B.T., and Meilgaard, M. (2015). Sensory Evaluation Techniques, CRC Press. [4th ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/b19493"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4663","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00468-06","article-title":"Changes in the spoilage-related microbiota of beef during refrigerated storage under different packaging conditions","volume":"72","author":"Ercolini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1966.tb01034.x","article-title":"The spoilage flora of eviscerated chickens stored at different temperatures","volume":"1","author":"Barnes","year":"1966","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."}],"container-title":["Coatings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6412\/10\/4\/315\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:12:03Z","timestamp":1760173923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6412\/10\/4\/315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["coatings10040315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/coatings10040315","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-6412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-6412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]}}}