{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:31:39Z","timestamp":1777631499076,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]],"date-time":"2022-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002713","name":"Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG-21-12-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG-21-12-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Coatings"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents an experimental investigation of the fabrication of Cu\u2013multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites prepared via the electroless chemical deposition technique followed by the powder metallurgy (PM) method. To enhance the dispersion and wettability of MWCNTs with a Cu matrix, MWCNTs were given an electroless coating of Ag nanoparticles. MWCNTs with 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 wt.% were first coated with 5 wt.% Ag nanoparticles, then mechanically milled with Cu nanoparticles using a 10:1 ball-to-powder ratio for 60 min at 300 rpm. The mixed samples (35 g) were subjected to a compression pressure of 700 MPa and sintered at 950 \u00b0C in a hydrogen-inert gas furnace. Mapping and microstructure analyses were conducted to analyze the constituents\u2019 homogeneity. In addition, the electrochemical properties and corrosion resistance of specimens were investigated. The results revealed that the relative density decreased by raising the MWCNTs\u2019 content. Electrical resistivity increased gradually with the addition of MWCNTs coated by Ag nanoparticles, and the thermal conductivity decreased. It was also revealed that the smallest corrosion rate could be obtained for the sample with 1.2 wt.% MWCNTs, which is the appropriate rate for the electrochemical deposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings12030409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]],"date-time":"2022-03-20T21:26:22Z","timestamp":1647811582000},"page":"409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Electrochemical Behavior of Cu-MWCNT Nanocomposites Manufactured by Powder Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6076-1114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moustafa M.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Elsayed M.","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Electroprocessing Division Mineral Technology Dept., Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute CMRDI, Cairo 11865, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Omyma A.","family":"El-Kady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Powder Technology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute CMRDI, Cairo 11865, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Naser","family":"A. Alsaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0944-4938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ammar H.","family":"Elsheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3446-1695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadl A.","family":"Essa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4896-6835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Ahmadein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Joy","family":"Djuansjah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1080\/10402004.2021.1922789","article-title":"Tribological Performance of Gradient Ag-Multilayer Graphene\/TC4 Alloy Self-Lubricating Composites Prepared By Laser Additive Manufacturing","volume":"64","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tribol. Trans."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2021.06.033","article-title":"Modeling of drilling process of GFRP composite using a hybrid random vector functional link network\/parasitism-predation algorithm","volume":"14","author":"Elsheikh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thangaraj, M., Ahmadein, M., Alsaleh, N.A., and Elsheikh, A.H. (2021). Optimization of abrasive water jet machining of SiC reinforced aluminum alloy based metal matrix composites using Taguchi\u2013DEAR technique. Materials, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14216250"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clet.2022.100450","article-title":"Recent progresses in wood-plastic composites: Pre-processing treatments, manufacturing techniques, recyclability and eco-friendly assessment","volume":"8","author":"Elsheikh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clean. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"096502","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/ac209a","article-title":"Improving the mechanical properties and coefficient of thermal expansion of molybdenum-reinforced copper using powder metallurgy","volume":"8","author":"Ahmadein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.153494","article-title":"Improving the tribological properties of AISI M50 steel using Sns\/Zno solid lubricants","volume":"821","author":"Elsheikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116523","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/ab4675","article-title":"A new M50 matrix composite sintered with a hybrid Sns\/Zno nanoscale solid lubricants: An experimental investigation","volume":"6","author":"Essa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compscitech.2005.05.027","article-title":"Metal matrix composites\u2013from science to technological significance","volume":"65","author":"Miracle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Compos. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1007\/s11837-014-0948-5","article-title":"Functional metal matrix composites: Self-lubricating, self-healing, and nanocomposites-an outlook","volume":"66","author":"Schultz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jom"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khoshaim, A.B., Moustafa, E.B., Bafakeeh, O.T., and Elsheikh, A.H. (2021). An Optimized Multilayer Perceptrons Model Using Grey Wolf Optimizer to Predict Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Friction Stir Processed Aluminum Alloy Reinforced by Nanoparticles. Coatings, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings11121476"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2020.106063","article-title":"High strength and high ductility copper matrix composite reinforced by graded distribution of carbon nanotubes","volume":"138","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2008.04.029","article-title":"Dry sliding wear properties of high volume fraction SiCp\/Cu composites produced by pressureless infiltration","volume":"265","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"041602","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3204776","article-title":"Enhancement of wear resistance of copper with tungsten addition (\u226420 wt%) by powder metallurgy route","volume":"131","author":"Maji","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Tribol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2020.105972","article-title":"Nano-mesh superstructure in single-walled carbon nanotube\/polyethylene nanocomposites, and its impact on rheological, thermal and mechanical properties","volume":"136","author":"Oseli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Z., Yang, A., Tao, J., Li, J., Zhang, W., Li, X., and Xue, H. (2022). Mechanical and Conductive Properties of Cu Matrix Composites Reinforced by Oriented Carbon Nanotubes with Different Coatings. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12020266"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang, D., Hwang, S., Jung, B., and Shim, J. (2021). Characterizations of polypropylene\/single-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites prepared by the novel melt processing technique with a controlled residence time. Processes, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9081395"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-016-1315-y","article-title":"Thermal analysis of polyethylene + X% carbon nanotubes","volume":"11","author":"Lozovyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D68","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0971501jes","article-title":"Fabrication of copper\/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites containing different sized nanotubes by electroless deposition","volume":"162","author":"Arai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-012-7450-0","article-title":"Thermal conductivity enhancement in carbon nanotube\/Cu\u2013Ti composites","volume":"110","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2012.09.006","article-title":"On the thermal conductivity of Cu\u2013Zr\/diamond composites","volume":"45","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2011.09.056","article-title":"On the role of amorphous intergranular and interfacial layers in the thermal conductivity of a multi-walled carbon nanotube\u2013copper matrix composite","volume":"60","author":"Cho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Mater."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17541","DOI":"10.1039\/c1jm12671g","article-title":"Effect of carbon nanotube surface modification on thermal properties of copper\u2013CNT composites","volume":"21","author":"Firkowska","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-014-5901-9","article-title":"Effect of matrix\/reinforcement particle size ratio (PSR) on the mechanical properties of extruded Al\u2013SiC composites","volume":"73","author":"Fathy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2008.10.005","article-title":"Preparation and properties of Al2O3 nanoparticle reinforced copper matrix composites by in situ processing","volume":"30","author":"Shehata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"ASTM, D. (2007). 1217. Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer, Annual Book of ASTM Standards. ASTM-D1217-20."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"45","article-title":"Materials Standards and Test Method Standards for Powder Metallurgy","volume":"7","author":"Samal","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASM Handb."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2012.10.042","article-title":"Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity characteristics of Cu\u2013Al2O3 nanocomposites","volume":"46","author":"Fathy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-577X(03)00505-6","article-title":"Nanostructured Cu\u2013Al2O3 composite produced by thermochemical process for electrode application","volume":"58","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2019.107140","article-title":"Effect of Al2O3 nanoparticles content and compaction temperature on properties of Al\u2013Al2O3 coated Cu nanocomposites","volume":"175","author":"Barakat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos. Part B Eng."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2004.12.054","article-title":"Influencing factors on the uniformity of copper coated nano-Al2O3 powders prepared by electroless plating","volume":"59","author":"Ling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2009.10.037","article-title":"Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu\u2013Al2O3 composites","volume":"31","author":"Rajkovic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1504\/IJNP.2012.046242","article-title":"Nanocrystalline zinc oxide thin films prepared by electrochemical technique for advanced applications","volume":"5","author":"Elsayed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanoparticles"}],"container-title":["Coatings"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6412\/12\/3\/409\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:39:33Z","timestamp":1760135973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6412\/12\/3\/409"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["coatings12030409"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/coatings12030409","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-6412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-6412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]}}}