{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T05:31:39Z","timestamp":1762407099211,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior \u2013 Brazil","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"PROCAD-AM","award":["88887.472618\/2019-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.472618\/2019-00"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["441189\/2023-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["441189\/2023-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Compounds"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkia platycephala has emerged as a promising medicinal species, attracting growing scientific interest due to its richness in bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenes, and lectins, present across different parts of the plant. Studies to date have highlighted its varied biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumoral properties. Additionally, these compounds have been shown to increase the efficacy of conventional therapeutic drugs and reduce resistance to their effects. Given the breadth and relevance of these findings, compiling and systematizing the available data on P. platycephala is essential. A comprehensive synthesis not only facilitates a better understanding of the plant\u2019s phytochemical and pharmacological potential but also lays the groundwork for the development of innovative, multi-target therapeutic strategies. This effort is particularly relevant in addressing current challenges in treating infections, inflammatory disorders, and cancer, thereby reinforcing the species\u2019 value as a strategic resource for future drug discovery and integrative medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/compounds5040047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T12:13:08Z","timestamp":1762258388000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Potential of Parkia platycephala from Use to Cure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Joana","family":"Nunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto (E2S), Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3010-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research, Innovation and Development (FP-I3ID), University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Fernando Pessoa Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Translational Research Group in Longevity and Health (GIT-LoSa), University Fernando Pessoa, Pra\u00e7a 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Matheus Chagas","family":"Melonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Luis 65080-805, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3578-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Quintino","family":"da Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Luis 65080-805, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4513-4654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Cerqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research, Innovation and Development (FP-I3ID), University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Fernando Pessoa Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit (FP-BHS), Translational Research Group in Longevity and Health (GIT-LoSa), University Fernando Pessoa, Pra\u00e7a 9 de Abril, 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00687-0","article-title":"Pattern recognition receptors in health and diseases","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.06.025","article-title":"Inflammation and Cancer: Triggers, Mechanisms, and Consequences","volume":"51","author":"Greten","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006","article-title":"Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: How are they linked?","volume":"49","author":"Reuter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.07.034","article-title":"Molecular targeted therapy: Treating cancer with specificity","volume":"834","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01302-1","article-title":"Unveiling the mechanisms and challenges of cancer drug resistance","volume":"22","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b01285","article-title":"Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01\/1981 to 09\/2019","volume":"83","author":"Newman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, H., Ma, Q., Ye, L., and Piao, G. (2016). The Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine from Natural Products. Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21050559"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saleh, M.S.M., Jalil, J., Zainalabidin, S., Asmadi, A.Y., Mustafa, N.H., and Kamisah, Y. (2021). Genus Parkia: Phytochemical, Medicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Properties. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020618"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Oliveira Silva, D.Y.B., de Farias, S.G.G., Dias, P.C., e Silva, R.B., and Dias, B.A.S. (2023). Phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of Parkia platycephala families: A proposal for pre-selection. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol., 23.","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-70332023v23n1a4"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79442","DOI":"10.34117\/bjdv6n10-393","article-title":"Reproductive biology of Parkia platycephala Benth (Legumi-nosae, Caesalpinioideae, clado mimosoide)","volume":"6","author":"Chaves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz. J. Dev."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1414","article-title":"Phytocomponents, Evaluation of Anticholinesterase Activity and Toxicity of Hydroethanolic Extracts of Parkia platy-cephala Benth","volume":"33","author":"Fernandes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Braz. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandes, R.M.N., Cardoso, C.A.L., Alves, D.R., Morais, S.M., and Scapin, E. (2023). Parkia from Cerrado: Phytochemical bioprospection, toxicity and in vitro bioactivities of bark and flower extracts. Braz. J. Biol., 83.","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.275733"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5403","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2024.2405009","article-title":"Antiradical effect and phytochemical characterisation of the leaves of Parkia platycephala Benth","volume":"39","author":"Costa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602010000400010","article-title":"Gastroprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Parkia platycephala Benth. leaves against acute gastric lesion models in rodents","volume":"43","author":"Fernandes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"de Moura, R., and Fernandes, N. (2023). Bioprospec\u00e7\u00e3o Fitoqu\u00edmica, Toxicidade e Atividades Antioxidante e Anticolinester\u00e1sica de Extratos da Parkia Platycephala (Benth.). [Doutorado em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amaz\u00f4nia Legal, Programa De Pos-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o Em Biodiversidade E Biotecnologia-Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins]."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1 Santos, M.M., da Silva, F.M.P., da Silva, J.F.M., and Pimenta, R.S. (2018). Phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of three medicinal plants against food pathogens. Acta Sci. Biol. Sci., 40.","DOI":"10.4025\/actascibiolsci.v40i1.39674"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.02.005","article-title":"Anthel-mintic activity of plant extracts from Brazilian savanna","volume":"236","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"25","article-title":"Mini Review: Toxicity Study of Plant Extracts","volume":"15","author":"Falya","year":"2020","journal-title":"IOSR J. Pharm. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2013000600009","article-title":"Toxicidade sist\u00eamica e reprodutiva induzida pelo extrato etan\u00f3lico de Parkia platycephala em ratas Wistar","volume":"23","author":"Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR2021.7158","article-title":"Chemical Investigation, Toxic Potential and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Effect of Parkia platycephala Leaf and Seed Extracts","volume":"15","author":"Fernandes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dangnon, B., Dah-Nouvlessounon, D., Hoteyi, S.M.I., Sina, H., Tomescu, J.A., Akpo, K.J.-M., Sangare-Oumar, M.M., Adjanohoun, A., Babalola, O.O., and Vamanu, E. (2025). Gastroprotective, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Toxicological Evaluation of Stem Bark Extracts of Vitellaria paradoxa and Parkia biglobosa. Pharmaceuticals, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18081184"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2001.02368.x","article-title":"The amino-acid sequence of the glucose\/mannose-specific lectin isolated from Parkia platycephala seeds reveals three tandemly arranged jacalin-related domains","volume":"268","author":"Mann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.032","article-title":"Lectins from Parkia biglobosa and Parkia platycephala: A comparative study of structure and biological effects","volume":"92","author":"Bari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-012-9464-4","article-title":"The immunomodulatory effect of plant lectins: A review with emphasis on ArtinM properties","volume":"30","author":"Souza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glycoconj. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.113","article-title":"Reviewing Mimosoideae lectins: A group of under explored legume lectins","volume":"154","author":"Cavada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v4i1.31189","article-title":"Tetrapleura tetraptera: Molluscicidal activity and chemical constituents","volume":"4","author":"Aladesanmi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/1745039X.2024.2435135","article-title":"Parkia platycephala Replacing Ground Corn in the Diet of Confined Lambs: Intake, Digestibility, Ingestive Behaviour, Rumen Fermentation and Carcass Yield","volume":"78","author":"Parente","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2022.08.002","article-title":"Plant lectin: A promising future anti-tumor drug","volume":"202","author":"Konozy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7313","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15107313","article-title":"Plant Phenolics: Extraction, Analysis and Their Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties","volume":"15","author":"Dai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-014-0048-1","article-title":"Evaluation of solvent effect on the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities from the berries: Application of principal component analysis","volume":"8","author":"Boeing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103629","article-title":"Parkia platycephala lectin enhances the antibiotic activity against multi-resistant bacterial strains and inhibits the development of Haemonchus contortus","volume":"135","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2011.01.013","article-title":"Preliminary Assessment of the Nutritional Composition of Underexploited Wild Legumes from Semi-Arid Caatinga and Moist Forest Environments of Northeastern Brazil","volume":"24","author":"Carvalho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.81895","article-title":"Toxicological screening","volume":"2","author":"Parasuraman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3791","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules20033791","article-title":"Lectins with Potential for Anti-Cancer Therapy","volume":"20","author":"Yau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12155","article-title":"Plant lectins, from ancient sugar-binding proteins to emerging anti-cancer drugs in apoptosis and autophagy","volume":"48","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202917666160808125645","article-title":"Natural Compounds as Modulators of Cell Cycle Arrest: Application for Anticancer Chemotherapies","volume":"18","author":"Orellana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Genom."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.12.2884","article-title":"Fisetin inhibits the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases leading to cell cycle arrest in HT-29 human colon cancer cells","volume":"135","author":"Lu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"1959","article-title":"Effects of Baneh (Pistacia atlantica) Gum on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7) and Its Interaction with Anticancer Drug Doxorubicin","volume":"18","author":"Sobhani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Monteiro, V.F.C., and Moura, P.H.A. (2021). Diversidade de plantas no Cerrado brasileiro: Um enfoque em Parkia platycephala. Ci\u00eancias Bot\u00e2nicas, Atena Editora."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352007000400034","article-title":"Degradabilidade ruminal in situ de vagens de faveira (Parkia platycephala Benth.) em diferentes tamanhos de part\u00edculas","volume":"59","author":"Alves","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-018-1781-6","article-title":"Nutritional Evaluation and Productivity of Supplemented Sheep Grazing in Semiarid Rangeland of Northeastern Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Cardoso, A., Borges, S., Silva, S., and Andrade, F. (2025). Pontencial Nutricional Da Parkia Platycephala Na Qualidade Da Carne E Caracter\u00edsticas De Carca\u00e7a De Pequenos Ruminantes. Agropecu\u00e1ria e Meio Ambiente: Uma Vis\u00e3o Integrada, Editora Cient\u00edfica Digital."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20200096","DOI":"10.37496\/rbz4920200096","article-title":"Effects of Parkia platycephala on Feeding Behavior, Rumen Health, Blood Markers, and Physiological Responses of Lactating Goats","volume":"49","author":"Batista","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Valor Nutritivo da Vagem de Faveira (Parkia platycephala Benth.) para Ruminantes","volume":"41","author":"Alves","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. De Zootec."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-020-02382-8","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Fermentative Characteristics, and In Situ Ruminal Degradability of Elephant Grass Silage Containing Parkia platycephala Pod Meal and Urea","volume":"52","author":"Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"e745","article-title":"Antinutritional Effect of Lectin from Faveira (Parkia platycephala) Seeds in Tambatinga (Colossoma macropomum \u00d7 Piaractus brachypomus)","volume":"48","author":"Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bol. Inst. Pesca"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-35982012000400032","article-title":"Nutritive Value of Diets Containing Pods of Faveira (Parkia platycephala Benth.) for Confined Finishing Sheep","volume":"41","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/00288233.2023.2259344","article-title":"Performance of Grazing Sheep Kept on Tamani Grass Supplemented with Parkia platycephala Pods Replacing Corn in Multiple Supplements","volume":"68","author":"Lima","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1080\/00288233.2025.2467044","article-title":"Parkia platycephala in Multiple Supplements for Sheep Grazing on Tamani Grass Pastures: Effects on Pasture Productivity, Structural Characteristics, and Ingestive Behaviour","volume":"68","author":"Sousa","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1590\/01047760202026012671","article-title":"Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Initial Growth and Nutrition of Parkia platycephala Benth. under Water Stress","volume":"26","author":"Porto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerne"}],"container-title":["Compounds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-6918\/5\/4\/47\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T05:27:58Z","timestamp":1762406878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2673-6918\/5\/4\/47"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["compounds5040047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/compounds5040047","relation":{},"ISSN":["2673-6918"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2673-6918"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]}}}