{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T10:57:35Z","timestamp":1776682655121,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, (FCT), under the multi-annual funding awarded to CIIE","award":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, (FCT), under the multi-annual funding awarded to CIIE","award":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, (FCT), under the multi-annual funding awarded to CIIE","award":["2020.01982.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01982.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, (FCT), under the multi-annual funding awarded to CIIE","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus Individual Programme","award":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus Individual Programme","award":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus Individual Programme","award":["2020.01982.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01982.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus Individual Programme","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"]}]},{"name":"transitional rule of Decree-Law 57\/2016, amended by Law 57\/2017","award":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"transitional rule of Decree-Law 57\/2016, amended by Law 57\/2017","award":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00167\/2020"]}]},{"name":"transitional rule of Decree-Law 57\/2016, amended by Law 57\/2017","award":["2020.01982.CEECIND"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.01982.CEECIND"]}]},{"name":"transitional rule of Decree-Law 57\/2016, amended by Law 57\/2017","award":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016\/CP1480\/CT0002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The conditions for safe Internet access and the development of skills enabling full participation in online environments are recognized in the Council of Europe\u2019s strategy for child rights, from 2022. The guarantee of this right has implications for experiences inside and outside the school context. Therefore, this study aims to compare the perceptions of students from different educational levels, who participated in a digital storytelling workshop, regarding online safety, searching habits, and digital competences. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey completed by 84 Portuguese students from elementary and secondary schools. A non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance was used to identify differences as children advanced across educational stages. The results revealed that secondary students tended to spend more time online and demonstrated more advanced search skills. Interestingly, the youngest children exhibited higher competences in creating games and practicing safety measures regarding online postings. These findings emphasize the importance of schools, in a joint action with the educational community, including parents, teachers and students, in developing a coordinated and vertically integrated approach to digital education that considers the children\u2019s current knowledge, attitudes, and skills as a starting point for pedagogical intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers12090168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T07:25:24Z","timestamp":1692775524000},"page":"168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Kids Surfing the Web: A Comparative Study in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1369-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Porto University, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4658-9781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports, Lus\u00f3fona University, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Instituto Piaget, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-9992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Porto University, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research in Education and Community Intervention (RECI), Instituto Piaget, 1950-157 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Council of Europe (2023, July 20). 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