{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:39:45Z","timestamp":1760146785879,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]],"date-time":"2024-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Devel-opment Fund (ERDF)","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"]}]},{"name":"FCT in cooperation with the Northern Portugal Re-gional Coordination and Development Commission (CCDR-N)","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","LA\/P\/0140\/2020","UIDP\/04539\/2020","UIDP\/04423\/2020","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012","UIDP\/04539\/2020","LA\/P\/0058\/2020","PD\/BD\/135246\/2017","COVID\/BD\/152012\/2021","NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000037","Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cosmetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Incorporating antioxidants into cosmetics is the mainstay for developing new products to mitigate skin aging. However, identifying novel multifunctional antioxidant ingredients with additional relevant properties that block the skin hallmarks of aging is a very striking strategy. Many natural compounds, including xanthones, have demonstrated biologically notable properties. In particular, 1,2-dihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one (1,2-DHX) has inhibitory activity against skin enzymes, and metal-chelating and radical-scavenging activities. Therefore, 1,2-DHX is an attractive molecule for cosmetic purposes. With this goal in mind, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic potentials of 1,2-DHX were investigated. 1,2-DHX demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the synthesis of specific pro-inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in human macrophages. This xanthone did not elicit sensitization reactions and did inhibit allergic reactions triggered by a strong skin allergen, suggesting its potential as an anti-allergic compound. 1,2-DHX also revealed mitochondrial antioxidant activity by mitigating rotenone-induced oxidative stress in macrophages by up to 40%. Overall, 1,2-DHX displayed a safety profile and noteworthy biological activities, highlighting its multifunctional profile as an active cosmetic ingredient with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics11060215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T06:16:14Z","timestamp":1733724974000},"page":"215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["1,2-Dihydroxy-9H-Xanthen-9-One, a Multifunctional Nature-Inspired Active Ingredient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7425-9750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sara F.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3BS\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3705-673X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Brites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology\u2014CNC, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-543X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Carrascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology\u2014CNC, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Labor Qualitas, Tecnimede Group, Rua da Tapada Grande, Abrunheira, 2710-089 Sintra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3770-9393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3BS\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3041-0687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno M.","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3BS\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s\u2013PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0715-1779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honorina","family":"Cidade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4676-1409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madalena","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5397-4672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Em\u00edlia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-048X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel F.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9846-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria T.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology\u2014CNC, 3004-504 Coimbra, 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