{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T20:13:49Z","timestamp":1768594429042,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Lung carcinoids\u2014typical and atypical\u2014are rare neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) representing 1\u20132% of lung cancers. Despite clinicopathological differences, their clinical management often mirrors lung cancer protocols rather than NET-specific recommendations. Objectives: Portray a 12-year real-world experience with lung carcinoids at a Comprehensive Cancer Center, identifying gaps in diagnostic work-up, treatment decision-making, and follow-up. Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients with histologically confirmed lung carcinoids diagnosed at IPO Porto between January 2013 and December 2024. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and treatment data were collected from electronic patient records. Analyses were descriptive. Results: Among 179 identified cases, 129 met eligibility criteria. Median age was 62 years (range 18\u201384); 53.6% were women and 53.5% were non-smokers; 84.5% had ECOG-PS 0\u20131. The most frequent presentation was respiratory symptoms (34.1%), followed by incidental findings (43.4%, of which ~20% were during staging or surveillance of other cancers). Typical carcinoids accounted for 49.6% and atypical for 43.4%. FDG-PET\/CT was requested in 70.9% of cases, including many with typical carcinoid, and SSTR-PET\/CT in 64.6% (dual PET in 38.8%). Most patients (65.1%) presented with stage I disease; 17.1% were stage IV. Mean time-to-first treatment was 83 days (range 1\u2013259). Surgery was the first treatment option for 78.3% of patients. Conclusions: This real-world series highlights heterogeneity in diagnostic pathways, excessive FDG-PET use in typical carcinoids, and non-standardized follow-up. Dedicated multidisciplinary lung-NET boards and national reference centers are needed to homogenize and streamline patient management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol33010050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:31:41Z","timestamp":1768480301000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lung Carcinoids\u2014Time to Change Practices"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2955-0551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Thoracic and Mediastinal Tumors Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7809-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Coimbra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Mediastinal Tumors Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) IPOP\/CI-IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas Lucena","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Thoracic and Mediastinal Tumors Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Thoracic and Mediastinal Tumors Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) IPOP\/CI-IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3171-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Henrique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) IPOP\/CI-IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)\/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), 4200-162 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, ICBAS-School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.0589","article-title":"Trends in the incidence, prevalence, and survival outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Dasari","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah, S., Gosain, R., Groman, A., Gosain, R., Dasari, A., Halfdanarson, T.R., and Mukherjee, S. 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Available online: https:\/\/www.enets.org\/enets-task-forces.html."}],"container-title":["Current Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/33\/1\/50\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T13:58:30Z","timestamp":1768485510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/33\/1\/50"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["curroncol33010050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/curroncol33010050","relation":{},"ISSN":["1718-7729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1718-7729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]}}}