{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T06:14:08Z","timestamp":1770272048499,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)","award":["Universal 422744\/2018-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Universal 422744\/2018-2"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)","award":["308217\/2019-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308217\/2019-5"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)","award":["307382\/2019-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307382\/2019-2"]}]},{"name":"Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o of the Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1","award":["Universal 422744\/2018-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Universal 422744\/2018-2"]}]},{"name":"Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o of the Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1","award":["308217\/2019-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308217\/2019-5"]}]},{"name":"Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o of the Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1","award":["307382\/2019-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307382\/2019-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diversity"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Elopidae is the most speciose family within the Elopiformes, comprising seven valid species. Despite this reduced number of species, the family presents poorly resolved systematics, mainly owing to its wide distribution and highly conserved anatomic features. Therefore, we aimed to explore the species diversity of the Elopidae using species delimitation, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic analysis combined with DNA barcoding of the COI gene. The results from the delimitation analysis grouped the species into a single cluster, while the genetic diversity analysis among the groups showed a distance ranging between 1.29 and 2.78%. Both phylogenetic and haplotype network analysis grouped the species into four clades, associated with the distribution of the organisms. The lack of resolution in the species delimitation analysis might be directly associated with the recent radiation of the group, a hypothesis corroborated by both the low genetic diversity (close to the 2% threshold) and the few mutations that separate the haplotypes observed among the species. Interestingly, our data supported a new arrangement for the Elops species. In addition, the data available in public databases present taxonomic errors at several levels. Although some issues remain unsolved, our results can be used in the identification of taxa and provide information to assist taxonomic revisions of the Elopidae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/d14111008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T02:52:21Z","timestamp":1668999141000},"page":"1008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Exploring the Diversity of Elopidae (Teleostei; Elopiformes) Using DNA Barcoding Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3626-4484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Petry Corr\u00eaa","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Evandro Chagas, Se\u00e7\u00e3o do de Meio Ambiente, Ananindeua 67030-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Carla Denise","family":"Bessa-Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Auryceia","family":"Guimar\u00e3es-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8898-0311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grazielle","family":"Evangelista-Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Iracilda","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6315-3352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edivaldo Herculano Corr\u00eaa","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Evandro Chagas, Se\u00e7\u00e3o do de Meio Ambiente, Ananindeua 67030-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Par\u00e1, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Vallinoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bragan\u00e7a 68600-000, Par\u00e1, Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1111\/faf.12017","article-title":"Global conservation status and research needs for tarpons (Megalopidae), ladyfishes (Elopidae) and bonefishes (Albulidae)","volume":"15","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcz.2020.11.003","article-title":"The role of the chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution and speciation of Elopiformes fishes (Teleostei; Elopomorpha)","volume":"290","author":"Furo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zool. 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