{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T08:07:50Z","timestamp":1771747670570,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["PTDC\/ASP-PES\/4181\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/ASP-PES\/4181\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/00681\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00681\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0069\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diversity"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To avoid the spread and environmental impacts of the European catfish (Silurus glanis), which arrived in Portugal around 2006, it is fundamental to understand anglers\u2019 behaviors and perceptions. To address this need, 339 Portuguese anglers were surveyed online and face-to-face and divided into two groups (catfish anglers, n = 115; and non-catfish anglers, n = 224). The majority of surveyed anglers were males (&gt;95%) who consider that catfish is not beneficial to the development of angling (&gt;62%) and acknowledge its negative impact on other fish species (&gt;84%), mainly by predation (&gt;89%). Catfish anglers perceive the species as more positive for angling and for other fish species. Principal Component Analysis showed that anglers\u2019 behaviors are mainly driven by their awareness of the impacts of European catfish and by their angling experience. Regression modeling inferred the probabilities of two anglers\u2019 behavior (targeting catfish and practice of catch and release) and one perception (catfish is beneficial to angling), which are considered promoters of catfish invasion, and detected strong correlations among these three variables. Therefore, it is strongly advised to implement an educational and law enforcement program to stop illegal practices that promote the dissemination of invasive fish species like European catfish.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/d17040252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T05:10:07Z","timestamp":1743397807000},"page":"252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anglers Perceptions About European Catfish Silurus glanis in a Newly Invaded Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3893-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Gago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior Agr\u00e1ria, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Santar\u00e9m, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"CERNAS, Centro de Estudos de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade, 2001-904 Santar\u00e9m, Portugal"},{"name":"MARE, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente\/ARNET, Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7910-4387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Rivaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente\/ARNET, Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1820-3557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente\/ARNET, Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente\/ARNET, Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Castagn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Evolution et Diversit\u00e9, Biologique (EDB), Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2932-2172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Santoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Evolution et Diversit\u00e9, Biologique (EDB), Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3531-5072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente\/ARNET, Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Aqu\u00e1tica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024648719995","article-title":"Impact on indigenous species biodiversity caused by the globalisation of alien recreational freshwater fisheries","volume":"500","author":"Cambray","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2010.02566.x","article-title":"Current knowledge on non-native freshwater fish introductions","volume":"76","author":"Gozlan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-032522-015551","article-title":"Freshwater Fish Invasions: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"53","author":"Bernery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-019-02042-5","article-title":"Angling as a source of non-native freshwater fish: A European review","volume":"21","author":"Carpio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.2677","article-title":"The role of anglers\u2019 perceptions and habits invasions: Perspectives from the Iberian Peninsula","volume":"27","author":"Banha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquat. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134505","article-title":"Alien animal introductions in Iberian inland waters: An update and analysis","volume":"703","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.09.251","article-title":"Non-native freshwater fauna in Portugal: A review","volume":"650","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-020-04211-3","article-title":"Invasion impacts on functions and services of aquatic ecosystems","volume":"847","author":"Flood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12627","article-title":"Scientists\u2019 warning on invasive alien species","volume":"95","author":"Hulme","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149875","article-title":"Knowledge gaps in economic costs of invasive alien fish worldwide","volume":"803","author":"Haubrock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-023-09819-x","article-title":"Angler\u2019s preferences, perceptions and practices regarding non-native freshwater fish","volume":"34","author":"Banha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Biol. Fish."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3391\/bir.2021.10.2.16","article-title":"Evaluating the range expansion of recreational non-native fishes in Portuguese freshwaters using scientific and citizen science data","volume":"10","author":"Martelo","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioInvasions Rec."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2008.00321.x","article-title":"Voracious invader or benign feline? A review of the environmental biology of European catfish Silurus glanis in its native and introduced ranges","volume":"10","author":"Copp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-017-9507-9","article-title":"Ecology, behaviour and management of the European catfish","volume":"28","author":"Cucherousset","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Biol. Fish."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-023-02596-w","article-title":"Patterns of genetic variation in native and non-native populations of European catfish Silurus glanis across Europe","volume":"32","author":"Ferriol","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1127\/1863-9135\/2009\/0174-0317","article-title":"Growth and diet of European catfish [Silurus glanis] in early and late invasion stages","volume":"174","author":"Carol","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fundam. Appl. Limnol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1111\/jai.12806","article-title":"First record of Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758 in Portugal (Iberian Peninsula)","volume":"31","author":"Gkenas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/fme.12189","article-title":"Spatial distribution patterns of the non-native European catfish, Silurus glanis, from multiple online sources\u2014A case study for the River Tagus (Iberian Peninsula)","volume":"23","author":"Gago","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23818\/limn.43.01","article-title":"Westwards expansion of the European catfish Silurus glanis in the Douro River (Portugal)","volume":"43","author":"Gkenas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Limnetica"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01606","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.1606","article-title":"The end of the mythical giant catfish","volume":"7","author":"Santoul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.12546","article-title":"Species-specific preferences of German recreational anglers for freshwater angling experiences, with emphasis on the intrinsic utilities of fish stocking and wild fishes","volume":"85","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vej\u0159\u00edk, L., Vej\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1, I., Blabolil, P., Eloranta, A.P., Ko\u010dvara, L., Peterka, J., Sajdlov\u00e1, Z., Chung, S.H.D., \u0160mejkal, M., and Kiljunen, M. (2017). European catfish Silurus glanis as a freshwater apex predator drives ecosystem via its diet adaptability. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16169-9"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferreira, M., Gago, J., and Ribeiro, F. (2019). Diet of European catfish in a newly invaded region. Fishes, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes4040058"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reproductive traits of the European catfish, Silurus glanis, during the early stages of invasion","volume":"74","author":"Gkenas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Vertebr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Craig, J.F. (2016). Recreational fisheries in inland waters (Chapter: 4.4). Freshwater Fisheries Ecology, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/fme.12075","article-title":"Explaining participation rates in recreational angling across industrialised countries","volume":"22","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/fme.12105","article-title":"Characterisation of inland fisheries in Europe","volume":"22","author":"Cowx","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-023-09803-5","article-title":"A long term overview of freshwater fisheries in France","volume":"34","author":"Changeux","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Biol. Fish."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2018.01.020","article-title":"A new trend in Central European recreational angling: More angling visits but lower yield and catch","volume":"201","author":"Lyach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.3557","article-title":"Hobbyists acting simultaneously as anglers and aquarists: Novel pathways for non-native fish and impacts on native fish","volume":"31","author":"Hirsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquat. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Collares-Pereira, M.J., Alves, M.J., Ribeiro, F., Domingos, I., Raposo de Almeida, P., Moreira da Costa, L.D., Gante, H.F., Filipe, A.F., Aboim, M.A., and Rodrigues, P. (2021). Guia dos Peixes de \u00c1gua Doce e Migradores de Portugal Continental, Edi\u00e7\u00f5es Afrontamento."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfas-2014-0177","article-title":"Effectively managing angler satisfaction in recreational fisheries requires understanding the fish species and the anglers","volume":"72","author":"Beardmore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1080\/03632415.2016.1207632","article-title":"Understanding and managing social-ecological feedbacks in spatially structured recreational fisheries: The overlooked behavioural dimension","volume":"41","author":"Ward","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fisheries"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.114632","article-title":"Perceptions and risk behaviours regarding biological invasions in inland aquatic ecosystems","volume":"308","author":"Banha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-023-03204-2","article-title":"Impact of invasive European catfish (Silurus glanis) on the fish community of Torrej\u00f3n reservoir (Central Spain) during a 11-year monitoring study","volume":"26","author":"Encina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2400.2003.00376.x","article-title":"The economic value of recreational fisheries in Nordic countries","volume":"11","author":"Toivonen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gozlan, R.E., Burnard, D., Andreou, D., and Britton, J.R. (2013). Understanding the threats posed by non-native species: Public vs. conservation managers. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053200"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2024.107144","article-title":"Characterization of specialist European catfish anglers in southern Germany: Implications for future management","volume":"279","author":"Fromherz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Pollock, K.H., Jones, C.M., and Brown, T.L. (1994). Angler Survey Methods and Their Applications in Fisheries Management, American Fisheries Society Special Publication N\u00ba. 25; American Fisheries Society."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2400.2001.00262.x","article-title":"Importance of recreational fisheries in the Guadiana River Basin in Portugal","volume":"8","author":"Marta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fish. Manag. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"135","article-title":"Recreational Fisheries in Rural Regions of the South-Western Iberian Peninsula: A Case Study","volume":"14","author":"Roso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sc."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Parzen, E., Tanabe, K., and Kitagawa, G. (1974). Akaike, H. A New Look at the Statistical Model Identification. Selected Papers of Hirotugu Akaike, Springer."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Dytham, C. (2011). Choosing and Using Statistics: A Biologist\u2019s Guide, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"7","article-title":"Diagnostic Checking in Regression Relationships","volume":"2","author":"Zeileis","year":"2002","journal-title":"R News"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Komsta, L., and Novomestky, F. (2024, April 05). moments: Moments, Cumulants, Skewness, Kurtosis and Related Tests. R Package Version 0.14.1. Available online: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=moments."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Revelle, W. (2024, April 02). psych: Procedures for Personality and Psychological Research, Available online: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=psych."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Lele, S.R., Keim, J.L., and Solymos, P. (2024, April 08). ResourceSelection: Resource Selection [Probability] Functions for Use-Availability Data. R Package Version 0.3-6. Available online: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=ResourceSelection."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"R Core Team (2021). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zuur, A.F., Ieno, E.N., and Smith, G.M. (2007). Analysing Ecological Data, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-45972-1"},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Zar, J.H. (2010). Biostatistical Analysis, Prentice Hall."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Hothorn, T., and Everitt, B.S. (2017). A Handbook of Statistical Analyses Using R, CRC Press."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"Norman, G.R., and Streiner, D.L. (2008). Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials, B.C. Decker Inc.. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Hair, J., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., and Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Educational International. [7th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Dodge, Y. (2008). Central Limit Theorem. The Concise Encyclopedia of Statistics, Springer."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1051\/kmae\/2018028","article-title":"Recreational angling as a vector of freshwater invasions in Central Italy: Perceptions and prevalence of illegal fish restocking","volume":"419","author":"Cerri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3897\/neobiota.74.79942","article-title":"Words matter: A systematic review of communication in non-native aquatic species literature","volume":"74","author":"Golebie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neobiota"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/147078530104300401","article-title":"A comparison of mail, fax and web-based survey methods","volume":"43","author":"Cobanoglu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Groves, R.M., Dillman, D.A., Eltinge, J.L., and Little, R.J.A. (2002). Trends in household survey nonresponse: A longitudinal and international comparison (Chapter 3). Survey Nonresponse, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/jai.12418","article-title":"Full westward expansion of Rutilus rutilus [Linnaeus, 1758] in the Iberian Peninsula","volume":"30","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"341","article-title":"First record of the asp Leuciscus aspius introduced into the Iberian Peninsula","volume":"37","author":"Merciai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Limnetica"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/03632415.2011.574578","article-title":"Ecological impacts of non-native freshwater fishes","volume":"36","author":"Cucherousset","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fisheries"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s10682-010-9444-8","article-title":"Assessing evolutionary consequences of size-selective recreational angling on multiple life-history traits, with an application to northern pike [Esox lucius]","volume":"25","author":"Matsumura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-019-02169-5","article-title":"Recreational angling as a pathway for invasive non-native species spread: Awareness of biosecurity and the risk of long distance movement into Great Britain","volume":"22","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2020.105592","article-title":"Participation rate and demographic profile in recreational angling in the Netherlands between 2009 and 2017","volume":"229","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2001.tb01393.x","article-title":"Freshwater fish introductions in Spain: Facts and figures at the beginning of the 21st century","volume":"59","author":"Elvira","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson, L.G., White, P.C.L., Stebbing, P.D., Stentiford, G.D., and Dunn, A.M. (2014). Biosecurity and vector behaviour: Evaluating the potential threat posed by anglers and canoeists as pathways for the spread of invasive non-native species and pathogens. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092788"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/faf.12545","article-title":"Recreational angler satisfaction: What drives it?","volume":"22","author":"Birdsong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jglr.2021.06.006","article-title":"Lamprey fisheries: History, trends and management","volume":"47","author":"Almeida","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Great Lakes Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1080\/10871209.2019.1628324","article-title":"Angler behaviours and motivations for exploiting invasive and native predatory fishes by catch-and-release: A case study on the river severn catchment, Western England","volume":"24","author":"Nolan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Dimens. Wildl."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2022.106500","article-title":"Catch orientation and public lake stocking preferences: A typology of freshwater anglers","volume":"257","author":"Silwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-017-1592-0","article-title":"Does public awareness increase support for invasive species management? Promising evidence across taxa and landscape types","volume":"19","author":"Novoa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.04.045","article-title":"Explaining people\u2019s perceptions of invasive alien species: A conceptual framework","volume":"229","author":"Shackleton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2021.12.1.02","article-title":"Novel tools and best practices for education about invasive alien species","volume":"12","author":"Verbrugge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Manag. Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/jai.12848","article-title":"Processing traits of European catfish [Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758] from outdoor flow-through and indoor recycling aquaculture units","volume":"31","author":"Adamek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simeanu, C., M\u0103gdici, E., P\u0103s\u0103rin, B., Avarvarei, B.-V., and Simeanu, D. (2022). Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of European Catfish [Silurus glanis] Flesh. Agriculture, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12122144"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1139\/er-2018-0049","article-title":"The effectiveness of non-native fish removal techniques in freshwater ecosystems: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Rytwinski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2979.2002.00102.x","article-title":"Reconciling traditional inland fisheries management and sustainability in industrialized countries, with emphasis on Europe","volume":"3","author":"Arlinghaus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13935","article-title":"Searching for responsible and sustainable recreational fisheries in the Anthropocene","volume":"94","author":"Cooke","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1080\/09500693.2011.610379","article-title":"Public Perception of Invasive Plant Species: Assessing the impact of workshop activities to promote young students\u2019 awareness","volume":"35","author":"Marchante","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Educ."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.06.078","article-title":"Risk of invasive species spread by recreational boaters remains high despite widespread adoption of conservation behaviours","volume":"229","author":"Cole","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2010.00390.x","article-title":"Managing non-native fish in the environment","volume":"12","author":"Britton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Fish."}],"container-title":["Diversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-2818\/17\/4\/252\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:06:27Z","timestamp":1760029587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-2818\/17\/4\/252"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["d17040252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/d17040252","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-2818"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-2818","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]}}}