{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T02:52:40Z","timestamp":1777949560816,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P.","award":["2024.04417.BD."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024.04417.BD."]}]},{"award":["2024.04417.BD."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024.04417.BD."]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00snfqn58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study quantified performance indicators associated with match outcomes among champion teams from the five major European football leagues during the 2023\u20132024 season. Ordinal logistic regression with robust standard errors clustered by team was employed, with analyses stratified by match location (home\/away) and opponent quality (high\/medium\/low). Data from 182 matches were sourced from Wyscout\u00ae and included offensive indicators (possession, passes, shots, shots on target, expected goals) and defensive indicators (interceptions, fouls, shots conceded, yellow and red cards). Spearman correlations showed that goals scored (q=0.523) and shots on target (q=0.243) were positively associated with match outcomes, whereas goals conceded (q=\u22120.441) and fouls (q=\u22120.255) were negatively associated. Ordinal regression revealed context-dependent effects. Offensively, shots on target increased the odds of a better outcome at home (OR = 3.76) and against high-quality opponents (OR = 5.24), while expected goals (xG) was the key predictor in away matches (OR = 2.09). Defensively, interceptions were crucial against high-quality opponents (OR = 1.76), while fouls (OR = 0.53) and yellow cards (OR = 0.61) were detrimental against medium-quality opponents. Against low-quality opponents, shots on target conceded (OR = 0.22) and red cards (OR = 66.58) were critical. Volume-based indicators did not retain significant independent effects. For elite champion teams, competitive success is predominantly determined by efficiency-based indicators, shot accuracy, expected goals, and defensive organisation, whose relevance varies systematically with context. These findings provide exploratory insights and a context-sensitive benchmark for performance analysis at the highest level of European football, warranting further validation in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data11050102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:15:02Z","timestamp":1777853702000},"page":"102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantifying the Key Performance Indicators of Success: An Exploratory Analysis of Champion Teams in Europe\u2019s Top Football Leagues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9598-2515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon (UID\/06349\/2025), 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio RoboCorp, IIA, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3774-6661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon (UID\/06349\/2025), 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio RoboCorp, IIA, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III\u2014Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"SPRINT\u2014Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (UID\/6185\/2023), Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares N.\u00b0 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"ESEC-UNICID-ASSERT\u2013Applied Sport Sciences Research Unit (UNICID-ASSERT), Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III\u2014Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"ESEC-UNICID-ASSERT\u2013Applied Sport Sciences Research Unit (UNICID-ASSERT), Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1812-2300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III\u2014Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"SPRINT\u2014Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (UID\/6185\/2023), Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares N.\u00b0 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"inED-Centre for Research & Innovation in Education, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Delega\u00e7\u00e3o da Covilh\u00e3, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2433-5193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui Sousa","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon (UID\/06349\/2025), 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio RoboCorp, IIA, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Jo\u00e3o III\u2014Solum, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"SPRINT\u2014Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (UID\/6185\/2023), Av. Dr. M\u00e1rio Soares N.\u00b0 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"ESEC-UNICID-ASSERT\u2013Applied Sport Sciences Research Unit (UNICID-ASSERT), Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7922-1540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasco","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon (UID\/06349\/2025), 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1271771","article-title":"Contextual variables and time-motion analysis in soccer","volume":"32","author":"Castellano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. 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