{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:59:27Z","timestamp":1771376367139,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mobilizador PRODUTECH SIF","award":["PRODUTECH-SIF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRODUTECH-SIF"]}]},{"name":"Mobilizador PRODUTECH SIF","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["PRODUTECH-SIF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRODUTECH-SIF"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"]}]},{"name":"Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization of Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["PRODUTECH-SIF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRODUTECH-SIF"]}]},{"name":"Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization of Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024541"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Designs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A product development framework called LeanDfX has been conceived at INEGI, aiming at organizing the product design and development process benefitting from lean thinking and DfX paradigms. The design of the metallic structure for an automated guided vehicle (AGV) focusing on its static, dynamic and fatigue characteristics was a recent opportunity to enhance and further develop the framework through the consideration and integration into the process of several existing tools such as FMEA (failure mode and effect analysis), QFD (quality function deployment) or fuzzy logic. This paper describes the integration of those tools in the LeanDfX framework and an application to the design of an AGV structure. The methodology presented involves systematic consideration of a substantial number of design requirements and more detailed product specification characterization. Such a number might be seen as delaying the development process, but the present case study showed that the inverse was true, thanks to the structured systematic approach and timely elimination of less desirable alternatives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/designs6060114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T02:24:53Z","timestamp":1668565493000},"page":"114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Enhancement of the LeanDfX Product Development Framework and Application to the Design of an AGV Structure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"FEUP\u2014Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JPM Industry, Vila Cova de Perrinho, 3730-601 Vale de Cambra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2229-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio J.","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INEGI\u2014Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAETA\u2014Associate Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3202-1343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo M. 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