{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:31:32Z","timestamp":1774438292381,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CPCA\/A0\/7363\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPCA\/A0\/7363\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) morphology can aid in the discrimination between mucinous and non-mucinous pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) but has several limitations that can be overcome by artificial intelligence. We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm for the automatic diagnosis of mucinous PCLs. Images retrieved from videos of EUS examinations for PCL characterization were used for the development, training, and validation of a CNN for mucinous cyst diagnosis. The performance of the CNN was measured calculating the area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. A total of 5505 images from 28 pancreatic cysts were used (3725 from mucinous lesions and 1780 from non-mucinous cysts). The model had an overall accuracy of 98.5%, sensitivity of 98.3%, specificity of 98.9% and AUC of 1. The image processing speed of the CNN was 7.2 ms per frame. We developed a deep learning algorithm that differentiated mucinous and non-mucinous cysts with high accuracy. The present CNN may constitute an important tool to help risk stratify PCLs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12092041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1661375031000},"page":"2041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Deep Learning for Automatic Differentiation of Mucinous versus Non-Mucinous Pancreatic Cystic Lesions: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7041-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Vilas-Boas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9lder","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Moutinho-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4310-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEGI\u2014Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0340-0830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Mascarenhas-Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"World Gastroenterology Organisation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Training Center, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2018.11.014","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis: Prevalence 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