{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T13:06:20Z","timestamp":1777122380346,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,2]],"date-time":"2022-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT) (Portugal)","award":["UID\/FIS\/04559\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/FIS\/04559\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Cuf, SA by In\u00eas Cardoso-Martins PhD scholarship","award":["UID\/FIS\/04559\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/FIS\/04559\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Remineralization of tooth enamel can be partially achieved by the application of a casein phosphopeptides and amorphous phosphate (CPP-ACP) complex. However, evidence to support its effectiveness in Molar-incisor-hypomineralization (MIH)-affected teeth is scarce. The study\u2019s aim is to evaluate the efficacy of CPP-ACP mousse in remineralizing MIH-affected enamel using a Vickers microhardness test. Two groups of enamel opacities of hypomineralized permanent teeth, white (group A) and yellow (group B) lesions (n = 14), went through a 28-day treatment protocol with GC Tooth Mousse. Before and after treatment, microhardness was measured in three different areas of each tooth (hypomineralized, transition, and outside the hypomineralized area). Data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests with a significance of p &lt; 0.05. The mean microhardness values increased in the hypomineralized and transition areas in both groups after the treatment protocol (in group A, 105.38 \u00b1 11.70 to 158.26 \u00b1 37.34; 123.04 \u00b1 22.84 to 156.33 \u00b1 35.70; in group B, 108.63 \u00b1 14.66 to 143.06 \u00b1 22.81; 132.55 \u00b1 20.66 to 146.00 \u00b1 12.88) and the differences pre\/post-treatment were statistically significant within each group (p &lt; 0.001 for both groups). Between groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the same areas (hypomineralized: p = 0.003; transition: p = 0.008) with a higher improvement in enamel hardness in group A. Topical application of CPP-ACP showed an increase in the physical strength of the hypomineralized and transition areas of MIH-affected enamel, likely due to an increase in mineral content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10100186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T01:52:21Z","timestamp":1665193941000},"page":"186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evaluation of the Efficacy of CPP-ACP Remineralizing Mousse in MIH White and Yellow Opacities\u2014In Vitro Vickers Microhardness Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7313-0162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Cardoso-Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambr\u00f3sio, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Arantes-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambr\u00f3sio, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambr\u00f3sio, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6039-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Pessanha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"F. Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Professora Teresa Ambr\u00f3sio, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH)","volume":"4","author":"Weerheijm","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Paediatr. Dent."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butera, A., Maiorani, C., Morandini, A., Simonini, M., Morittu, S., Barbieri, S., Bruni, A., Sinesi, A., Ricci, M., and Trombini, J. (2021). Assessment of Genetical, Pre, Peri and Post Natal Risk Factors of Deciduous Molar Hypomineralization (DMH), Hypomineralized Second Primary Molar (HSPM) and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): A Narrative Review. 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