{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:16:34Z","timestamp":1760242594658,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"North Portugal \u00a0Regional Operational\u00a0Programme\u00a0(NORTE\u00a02020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, and through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000016"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["689260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["689260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Entropy and compression have been used to distinguish fetuses at risk of hypoxia from their healthy counterparts through the analysis of Fetal Heart Rate (FHR). Low correlation that was observed between these two approaches suggests that they capture different complexity features. This study aims at characterizing the complexity of FHR features captured by entropy and compression, using as reference international guidelines. Single and multi-scale approaches were considered in the computation of entropy and compression. The following physiologic-based features were considered: FHR baseline; percentage of abnormal long (%abLTV) and short (%abSTV) term variability; average short term variability; and, number of acceleration and decelerations. All of the features were computed on a set of 68 intrapartum FHR tracings, divided as normal, mildly, and moderately-severely acidemic born fetuses. The correlation between entropy\/compression features and the physiologic-based features was assessed. There were correlations between compressions and accelerations and decelerations, but neither accelerations nor decelerations were significantly correlated with entropies. The %abSTV was significantly correlated with entropies (ranging between \u22120.54 and \u22120.62), and to a higher extent with compression (ranging between \u22120.80 and \u22120.94). Distinction between groups was clearer in the lower scales using entropy and in the higher scales using compression. Entropy and compression are complementary complexity measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e19120688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T12:35:45Z","timestamp":1513254945000},"page":"688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Entropy and Compression Capture Different Complexity Features: The Case of Fetal Heart Rate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1147-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Monteiro-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences\u2014MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research\u2014CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hern\u00e2ni","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences\u2014MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research\u2014CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Bernardes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research\u2014CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Pedro Hispano Hospital, Local Health Unit of Matosinhos, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021\/1055, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CRACS\/INESC-TEC, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3524-2945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Nozari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRACS\/INESC-TEC, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Costa-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences\u2014MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research\u2014CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08187.x","article-title":"Inconsistencies in classification by experts of cardiotocograms and subsequent clinical decision","volume":"106","author":"Bernardes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. 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