{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:40:43Z","timestamp":1760240443108,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/120003\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/120003\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Economies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper analyses China\u2019s energy consumption and economic growth spillover effects on four world regions: (i) America (North and South); (ii) Europe and Central Asia; (iii) Asia Pacific; and (iv) Africa and the Middle East. An annual aggregated time series by world region, from 1970 to 2016, and an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach were used. The results are consistent with the feedback hypothesis in the short run. With regard to the long run, feedback is present in America and the Asia Pacific. In Europe and Central Asia and in Africa and the Middle East, the results are consistent with the conservation hypothesis. Additionally, China\u2019s spillover effects on the world energy-growth nexus are essentially a long-run phenomenon, with impacts on Europe and Central Asia, Asia Pacific, and Africa and the Middle East. Accordingly, policy-makers should be aware that China\u2019s policies may have impact around the world, which indirectly may cause a restriction in economic growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/economies7020059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T02:42:46Z","timestamp":1560912166000},"page":"59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Are There Spillovers from China on the Global Energy-Growth Nexus? Evidence from Four World Regions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Lu\u00eds Miguel","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NECE-UBI, University of Beira Interior (UBI), Rua Marqu\u00eas d\u2019\u00c1vila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6937-5420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Fuinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NECE-UBI and CeBER, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9906-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Cardoso","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NECE-UBI, University of Beira Interior (UBI), Rua Marqu\u00eas d\u2019\u00c1vila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.12.174","article-title":"Causal nexus between energy consumption and economic growth for high, middle and low income countries using frequency domain analysis","volume":"60","author":"Ahmed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.07.063","article-title":"Energy consumption-economic growth nexus for Pakistan: Taming the untamed","volume":"52","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"326","article-title":"On the Relationship Between Energy and GNP: A Reexamination","volume":"5","author":"Akarca","year":"1980","journal-title":"The Journal of Energy and Development"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.08.004","article-title":"Energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth: The case of Saudi Arabia","volume":"41","author":"Alshehry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.2307\/2951764","article-title":"Tests for Parameter Instability and Structural Change with Unknown Change Point","volume":"61","author":"Andrews","year":"1993","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2307\/2951753","article-title":"Optimal Tests when a Nuisance Parameter is Present Only Under the Alternative","volume":"62","author":"Andrews","year":"1994","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2307\/2998540","article-title":"Estimating and Testing Linear Models with Multiple Structural Changes","volume":"66","author":"Bai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.659","article-title":"Computation and analysis of multiple structural change models","volume":"18","author":"Bai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Econometrics"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"BP (2017, July 18). 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