{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:09:04Z","timestamp":1774415344563,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PO-CI-01-0145-FEDER-029427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PO-CI-01-0145-FEDER-029427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Education Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper provides a reflection on the way changes taking place in doctoral education are being perceived and internalized by doctoral students. The Doctoral perceptions are analyzed through Ph.D. candidates\u2019 motivations to enroll in the program and to their levels of satisfaction with the supervision experience. Comparisons between national and international students, as well as differences according to doctoral programs\u2019 scientific areas, i.e., between students enrolled in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and in Social Sciences, Languages and Humanities (SSLH) are established. Based on a case study developed in a Portuguese university, conclusions point to the dominance of a romanticized, traditional view of doctoral education, with the academic profession at its core. This view is mostly shared by international students and those from SSLH scientific areas. In turn, national Ph.D. candidates and those from STEM areas have incorporated a more instrumental view of doctoral education, aiming for training participants to professions outside academia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci12040286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T22:04:02Z","timestamp":1650319442000},"page":"286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Tales of Doctoral Students: Motivations and Expectations on the Route to the Unknown"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7212-8626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Diogo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"CIPES\u2014Research Center on Higher Education Policies, R. 1 de Dezembro 399, 4450-137 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andreia","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CeiED\u2014Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Education and Development, Universidade Lus\u00f3fona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Edif\u00edcio (U) Av. Mal. Craveiro Lopes 2A, 1700-284 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"CIPES\u2014Research Center on Higher Education Policies, R. 1 de Dezembro 399, 4450-137 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Commission, C.E. (2011). Supporting Growth and Jobs: An Agenda for the Modernisation of Europe\u2019s Higher Education Systems, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Nerad, M., and Heggelund, M. (2008). Toward a Global PhD? Forces and Forms in Doctoral Education Worldwide, University of Washington Press."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso, S., Tavares, O., Sin, C., and Carvalho, T. (2020). 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