{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:43:25Z","timestamp":1774435405560,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]],"date-time":"2023-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Fundac\u0327\u00e3o para a Cie\u0302ncia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project UIDB\/04279\/2020."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project UIDB\/04279\/2020."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Education Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spiritual care is an essential dimension of holistic care. The purpose of this study was to identify the explicit presence of spiritual care in undergraduate nursing curricula in Portugal. Data were collected through a search in the syllabuses of undergraduate nursing degrees as displayed on the websites of higher education institutions (HEI). Of the 36 HEI, none had a course unit entitled (with title or subtitle) spirituality or spiritual care, even though all the HEI describe a common mission related to preparing nursing students for holistic care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13030273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T02:28:34Z","timestamp":1678069714000},"page":"273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spiritual Care in the Undergraduate Nursing Degree in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5329-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Sitefane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8342-1171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Rabiais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2684-7213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luc\u00edlia","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NURSE\u2019IN Nursing Research Unit for South and Islands, Polytechnic Institute of Set\u00fabal, School of Health, 2914-503 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9804-2297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Council of Nurses (2022, July 07). Council of Nurses. Available online: https:\/\/www.icn.ch\/system\/files\/2021-10\/ICN_Code-of-Ethics_EN_Web_0.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2022, April 10). EAPC Reference Group on Spiritual Care. Available online: https:\/\/www.eapcnet.eu\/eapc-groups\/reference\/spiritual-care\/."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2020.102907","article-title":"A spiritual education course to enhance nursing students\u2019 spiritual competencies","volume":"49","author":"Chiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Pract."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"10","article-title":"Does Christian Spirituality Enhance Psychological Interventions on Forgiveness, Gratitude, and the Meaning of Life? A Quasi-Experimental Intervention with the Elderly and Youth","volume":"17","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurs. Rep."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4081\/nursrep.2012.e7","article-title":"Spiritual care in a hospital setting: Nurses\u2019 and patients\u2019 perspectives","volume":"2","author":"Vlasblom","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nurs. Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/ANS.0000000000000298","article-title":"A new perspective on spiritual care: Collaborative chaplaincy and nursing practice","volume":"43","author":"Donesky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Nurs Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caldeira, S., Sim\u00f5es Figueiredo, A., Da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, A.P., Ermel, C., Mendes, J., Chaves, E., Campos de Carvalho, E., and Vieira, M. (2016). Spirituality in the Undergraduate Curricula of Nursing Schools in Portugal and S\u00e3o Paulo-Brazil. Religions, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/rel7110134"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1177\/08980101211034336","article-title":"Undergraduate Nursing Students\u2019 Spirituality and Perceived Ability to Provide Spiritual Care: A Mixed-Method Study","volume":"40","author":"Isaacson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2018.05.002","article-title":"Nursing and midwifery students\u2019 perceptions of spirituality, spiritual care, and spiritual care competency: A prospective, longitudinal, correlational European study","volume":"67","author":"Ross","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E26","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NEP.0000000000000938","article-title":"Whole-Person Development of Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Multi-University Study","volume":"43","author":"Cruz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurs. Educ. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick, M., and Chan, W.Y.A. (2022). Can I Keep My Religious Identity and Be a Professional? Evaluating the Presence of Religious Literacy in Education, Nursing, and Social Work Professional Programs across Canada. Educ. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci12080543"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16497","article-title":"Frequency of nurse-provided spiritual care: An international comparison","volume":"32","author":"Taylor","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"8","article-title":"Spiritual perspectives of nursing students","volume":"31","author":"Shores","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nurs. Educ. Perspect."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/20440243.2020.1726053","article-title":"Preparing undergraduate nurses and midwives for spiritual care: Some developments in European education over the last decade","volume":"10","author":"McSherry","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Study Spirit."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2015.04.017","article-title":"Do patients want doctors to talk about spirituality? A systematic literature review","volume":"98","author":"Best","year":"2015","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20403.x","article-title":"Patient preference for physician discussion and practice of spirituality: Results from a multicenter patient survey","volume":"18","author":"MacLean","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."}],"container-title":["Education Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-7102\/13\/3\/273\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:47:38Z","timestamp":1760122058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-7102\/13\/3\/273"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["educsci13030273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci13030273","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-7102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-7102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]}}}