{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T17:54:01Z","timestamp":1775238841840,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P. and European Social","award":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P. and European Social","award":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P. and European Social","award":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"]}]},{"name":"scope of the UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CED-EDG\/4650\/2021"]}]},{"name":"scope of the UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/150761\/2020"]}]},{"name":"scope of the UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o","award":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04107\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Education Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cultural diversity in schools takes on various forms, including social class, ethnicity, religion and nationality, among other factors that constitute students\u2019 identity, influencing their learning. Therefore, one of the biggest challenges that educational systems face internationally is the effective inclusion of all children and young people in schools. For this process to be successful, the roles played by teachers are essential. Thus, our main objective with this systematic literature review is to expand knowledge and awareness of cultural diversity issues to promote the inclusion of learners from primary to secondary education in Europe. To achieve this, we will highlight teachers\u2019 perceptions of students\u2019 cultural diversity and identify a range of strategies and practices that can contribute to the development of their professional learning. The search was conducted in two databases, Scopus and the Web of Science, and focused on articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of the 3976 identified articles, 41 were included in this study. The findings suggest that teachers consider diversity to be a challenge despite the existence of a favorable view toward students\u2019 cultural diversity. A set of solutions is given for the development of inclusion processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13121215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T11:32:29Z","timestamp":1701862349000},"page":"1215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Teachers\u2019 Perspectives on Students\u2019 Cultural Diversity: A Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4923-8760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Semi\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"ESELx\u2013Lisbon School of Education, IPL\u2013Polytechnic of Lisbon, 1549-003 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Mogarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipe Br\u00e1s","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9517-7703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9 D.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Training, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, VALORIZA\u2013Research Centre for the Valorisation of Endogenous Resources of the Polytechnic of Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1610-2955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7755-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otilia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"ESELx\u2013Lisbon School of Education, IPL\u2013Polytechnic of Lisbon, 1549-003 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3424-9392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00e9lia","family":"March\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Training, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, VALORIZA\u2013Research Centre for the Valorisation of Endogenous Resources of the Polytechnic of Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel Pimenta","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lucio","family":"Lord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Human Sciences and Language, Mato Grosso State University, C\u00e1ceres 78200-000, MT, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6950-3245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Tinoca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UIDEF\u2013Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of Education, University of Lisbon, 1649-013 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"OECD (2022). 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