{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T10:43:27Z","timestamp":1774003407850,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-1-CY01-KA220-SCH-000086608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-1-CY01-KA220-SCH-000086608"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Education Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents a professional development (PD) program designed within the \u201cSciArt\u2014Promoting 21st-century skills through an inclusive STEAM approach to Cultural Heritage\u201d project, which aims to prepare teachers to implement an inclusive, inquiry-based STEAM approach in their classrooms. The approach, developed collaboratively by academics from the arts, sciences, and cultural sectors across Cyprus, Greece, and Portugal, integrates archaeometric methods with cultural heritage to support identity exploration and inclusive pedagogy. The study explores how participating teachers evaluated the PD program, how it influenced their self-efficacy in applying inclusive, inquiry-based STEAM approaches, and how teacher trainers experienced its implementation across different national contexts. The study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection, comprising questionnaires and a focus group. Results show high teacher satisfaction and increased self-efficacy across four thematic areas: inquiry-based learning, science-heritage integration, cultural identity exploration, and use of multimodality for inclusion. Teacher trainers described the process as demanding but professionally enriching, emphasizing the role of interdisciplinary collaboration. These findings highlight the potential of well-supported, theoretically grounded PD programs to build capacity for inclusive STEAM education, while also revealing structural barriers that must be addressed for wider implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci15111551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T09:58:42Z","timestamp":1763459922000},"page":"1551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bridging STEAM and Cultural Heritage Through Inclusive Inquiry: The SciArt Professional Development Program"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1378-9739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelos","family":"Sofianidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4195-9385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Petridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6157-8266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Stylianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5876-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Tsaliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamprini","family":"Malletzidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Archaeometry and Physicochemical Measurements, Athena\u2014Research and Innovation Center in Information, Communication and Knowledge Technologies, Kimmeria University Campus, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7010-2908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCAP-Polytechnic of Porto, 4465-004 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3326-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constadina","family":"Charalambous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus"}]},{"given":"Sapfo","family":"Fotiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental School of Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54631 Thessaloniki, Greece"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Makridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCAP-Polytechnic of Porto, 4465-004 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Oikonomou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3272-4156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"Cerqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCAP-Polytechnic of Porto, 4465-004 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kaskamanidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2419-4332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISCAP-Polytechnic of Porto, 4465-004 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Kostas","family":"Kasvikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5710-8499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Molohidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Aitken, M. 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