{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:23:08Z","timestamp":1772252588675,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P. (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology)","award":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Seed Funding ILIND\u2013Instituto Lus\u00f3fono de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","award":["COFAC\/ILIND\/COPELABS\/3\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COFAC\/ILIND\/COPELABS\/3\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electronics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Language learners often face communication problems when they need to express themselves and do not have the ability to do so. On the other hand, continuous advances in technology are creating new opportunities to improve second language (L2) acquisition through context-aware ubiquitous learning (CAUL) technology. Since vocabulary is the foundation of all language acquisition, this article presents ULearnEnglish, an open-source system to allow ubiquitous English learning focused on incidental vocabulary acquisition. To evaluate our proposal, 15 learners used the developed system, and 10 answered a survey based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Results indicate a favorable response to the application of incidental learning techniques in combination with the learner context. ULearnEnglish achieved an acceptance rate of 78.66% for the perception of utility, 96% for the perception of ease of use, 86.5% for user context assessment, and 88% for ubiquity. Among its main contributions, this study demonstrates a possible tool for ubiquitous use in the future in language learning; additionally, further studies can use the available resources to develop the system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10141692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T09:32:07Z","timestamp":1626341527000},"page":"1692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["ULearnEnglish: An Open Ubiquitous System for Assisting in Learning English Vocabulary"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4512-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Let\u00edcia Garcia","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5864-8633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Gon\u00e7alves de Azevedo","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6723-9938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosemary","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0358-2056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Luis Vict\u00f3ria","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, Bairro Cristo Rei, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9981-4586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Augusto","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expert Systems and Applications Lab (ESALAB), Faculty of Science, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0446-9271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valderi Reis Quietinho","family":"Leithardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPELABS, University Lus\u00f3fona-ULHT, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resources Valorization, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"British Council (2021, May 01). 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