{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:51:00Z","timestamp":1775098260435,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HEU H2020 Framework Programme","award":["H2020-ECSEL-2019-IA-876190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-ECSEL-2019-IA-876190"]}]},{"name":"PT2020 Partnership","award":["UID\/EEA\/50008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/EEA\/50008\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Electronics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A dual-port transparent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna resonating at sub-6 GHz 5G band is proposed by using patch\/ground material as transparent conductive oxide (AgHT-8) and a transparent Plexiglas substrate. Two identical circular-shaped radiating elements fed by using a microstrip feedline are designed using the finite element method (FEM) based high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software. The effect of the isolation mechanism is discussed using two cases. In case 1, the two horizontally positioned elements are oriented in a similar direction with a separate ground plane, whereas in case 2, the elements are vertically placed facing opposite to each other with an allied ground. In both cases, the transparent antennas span over a \u221210 dB band of 4.65 to 4.97 GHz (300 MHz) with isolation greater than 15 dB among two elements. The diversity parameters are also analyzed for both the cases covering the correlation coefficient (ECC), mean effective gain (MEG), diversity gain (DG), and channel capacity loss (CCL). The average gain and efficiency above 1 dBi and 45%, respectively with satisfactory MIMO diversity performance, makes the transparent MIMO antenna an appropriate choice for smart IoT devices working in the sub-6 GHz 5G band by mitigating the co-site location and visual clutter issues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11020251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T10:57:37Z","timestamp":1642071457000},"page":"251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Transparent 2-Element 5G MIMO Antenna for Sub-6 GHz Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4813-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arpan","family":"Desai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CSPIT, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Changa 388421, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3487-2467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merih","family":"Palandoken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0440-8025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Issa","family":"Elfergani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Akdag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9803-9346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chemseddine","family":"Zebiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Electronique de Puissance et Commande Industrielle (LEPCI), Department of Electronics, University of Ferhat Abbas, Setif -1-, Setif 19000, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-9965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raed A.","family":"Abd-Alhameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2328098","article-title":"What Will 5G Be?","volume":"32","author":"Andrews","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE J. 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